The Effect of Non-face-to-Face Class due to COVID-19 on Academic Stress and Back Pain in University StudentsThe Effect of Non-face-to-Face Class due to COVID-19 on Academic Stress and Back Pain in University Students

Abstract

Objective: In the present study, to determine the extent of academic stress and pain from sitting for a long time, we will use a questionnaire to examine the effects of non-face-to-face stress and back pain on college students who have conducted non-face-to-face lectures. Design: Survey researchMethods: A questionnaire was conducted using Naver foam to identify academic stress, attitude and time to listen to lectures, and the extent of back pain for college students who are experiencing non-face-to-face lectures. Outcome measures include the scale of academic stress (SAS), the Numeric rating scale (NRS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI Korea version) was implemented. The difference in academic stress was analyzed by t-test and one-way ANOVA, and the correlation between academic stress and back pain was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. In order to examine the academic stress, consistency, and stability, the reliability of the academic stress items was measured by examining the reliability with the Cron-Bach alpha coefficient. Allstatistical significance levels were α =0.05. Results: According to the general characteristics of the subject, there were no statistically significant results compared to gender (P＜0.05), but the higher the grade, the higher the stress index, the higher the level of pain. Conclusions: This study confirmed that non-face-to-face lectures caused by COVID-19 have increased academic stress and the resulting increase in back pain in college students.

The Impact of Art Therapy on Mental Health and Well-being

“…Thus, art therapy and art making can serve as effective means of emotional expression for individuals with emotional or psychological difficulties, including those who have difficulty expressing their emotions directly (Wadeson, 1987;Malchiodi, 2005). By stimulating internal group interactions, art therapy delivers a platform for people to discuss life issues and improve their interpersonal relationship skills (Park, 2020), then reducing academic stress and deepening life satisfaction (Kim, 2022). Cho (2022) showed that painting-centered group art therapy can help foreign students enhance their self-awareness and expression, increase intimacy within the group, reduce stress in the community, and improve quality of life.…”