The effect of obesity on testicular function by insulin-like factor 3, inhibin B, and leptin concentrations in obese adolescents according to pubertal stages

Taneli, Fatma; Ersoy, Betül; Özhan, Bayram; Çalkan, Mehmet; Yılmaz, Ömer; Dinç, Gönül; Genç, Abdülkadir; Taneli, Can

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.07.026

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In line with previous studies [6, 30], we saw lower total testosterone and free testosterone concentrations in males with childhood-onset obesity. Free testosterone concentration correlated inversely with current BMI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Further, obesity has been associated with lower testosterone levels in males during [5, 6] and after puberty [4, 7], but also with lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels and similar free testosterone levels during puberty in comparison with lean peers [4, 8]. Recent studies have associated obesity in pubertal boys with decreased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and lower levels of insulin-like 3 (INSL3), another hormone produced by the Leydig cells as puberty proceeds, suggesting impaired Leydig cell stimulation and function, respectively [6, 9]. Impaired LH secretion may be due to increased aromatization of androgens to estrogens in fat mass [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular Function and Bone in Young Men with Severe Childhood-Onset Obesity

Laakso

Viljakainen²,

Lipsanen‐Nyman

et al. 2018

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Previous studies suggest increased risk for hypoandrogenism and fractures in men with obesity. We aimed to describe the effects of severe childhood-onset obesity on the cross talk between metabolic state, testes, and skeleton at late puberty. Methods: A cohort of adolescent and young adult males with severe childhood-onset obesity (n = 21, mean age 18.5 years) and an age-matched control group were assessed for testicular hormones and X-ray absorptiometry-derived bone mass. Results: Current median body mass indexes for the obese and control subjects were 37.4 and 22.9. Severe early-onset obesity manifested with lower free testosterone (median [interquartile range] 244 [194–332] vs. 403 [293–463] pmol/L, p = 0.002). Lower insulin-like 3 (1.02 [0.82–1.23] vs. 1.22 [1.01–1.46] ng/mL, p = 0.045) and lower ratio of testosterone to luteinizing hormone (2.81 [1.96–3.98] vs. 4.10 [3.03–5.83] nmol/IU, p = 0.008) suggested disrupted Leydig cell function. The degree of current obesity inversely correlated with free testosterone (τ = –0.516, p = 0.003), which in turn correlated positively with bone area at all measurement sites in males with childhood-onset obesity. Conclusions: Severe childhood-onset obesity is associated with impaired Leydig cell function in young men and lower free testosterone may contribute to impaired skeletal characteristics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular Function and Bone in Young Men with Severe Childhood-Onset Obesity

Laakso

Viljakainen²,

Lipsanen‐Nyman

et al. 2018

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…The cross-Atlantic discrepancies may be related to a higher degree of adiposity in the American population-based studies, thereby reducing the maturational effect on BMI as well as evaluating a more severe obesity phenotype. In accordance with less advanced signs of puberty with increasing adiposity, lower testosterone and gonadotropin levels have previously been reported in obese pubertal boys (24,25). Although similar findings could not be demonstrated in the present study, it is plausible that obesity can impair gonadal function in pubertal boys as has been reported in obese adults (39,40).…”

Section: Clinical Studycontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…In contrast to our previous findings, a follow-up on a subset of the US national population-based cohort, NHANES III, showed that being pre-pubertal at the age of 11.5 years was more prevalent in obese boys compared with boys with an average BMI Z-score in childhood (23). This finding is in accordance with studies reporting impaired gonadal function in obese pubertal boys (24,25).…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

BMI percentile-for-age overestimates adiposity in early compared with late maturing pubertal children

Sørensen

Juul

2015

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Early pubertal timing is consistently associated with increased BMI percentile-for-age in pubertal girls, while data in boys are more ambiguous. However, higher BMI percentile-for-age may be a result of the earlier puberty per se rather than vice versa. The aim was to evaluate markers of adiposity in relation to pubertal timing and reproductive hormone levels in healthy pubertal boys and girls. Study design: Population-based cross-sectional study (The Copenhagen Puberty Study). Eight-hundred and two healthy Caucasian children and adolescents (486 girls) aged 8.5-16.5 years participated. BMI and bioelectric impedance analyses (BIA) were used to estimate adiposity. Clinical pubertal markers (Tanner stages and testicular volume) were evaluated. LH, FSH, estradiol, testosterone, SHBG and IGF1 levels were determined by immunoassays. Results: In all age groups, higher BMI (all 1 year age-groups, P%0.041) was found with early compared with late maturation, despite similar BIA-estimated body fat percentage (BIA-BF%). Neither BMI nor BIA-BF% differed for a given stage of maturation. BMI percentile-for-age and prevalence of overweight/obesity were higher in the early compared with late matured pubertal children (all P%0.038), despite similar BIA-BF%. Pubertal girls with BIA-BF O29% had significantly lower LH and FSH levels compared with normal-weight girls (P%0.041). Conclusions: Early maturational timing was not associated with higher adiposity for a given stage of puberty. Using BMI percentile-for-age overestimated the degree of adiposity in early pubertal compared with late pubertal children.

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“…Denzer et al [7] suggested a link between BMI and low circulating androgens in adolescent boys despite normal testis volumes and accelerated growth relative to normal-weight boys. In another study, LH levels were significantly lower in obese boys compared to non-obese controls [37]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Body Mass Index on Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Tests of Boys Experiencing Precocious Puberty

Lee

Park²,

Ko³

et al. 2012

Neuroendocrinology

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Objective: Excess adiposity may influence various aspects of pubertal development, including the timing of pubertal initiation and hormonal parameters during puberty. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test in boys with precocious puberty. Methods: Boys with precocious puberty, who were normal weight, overweight, and obese underwent GnRH stimulation tests between 2003 and 2010. Subjects were classified as normal weight (BMI ≥5th percentile and BMI <85th percentile), overweight (BMI ≥85th percentile and BMI <95th percentile), and obese (BMI ≥95th percentile). Results: Of 56 children whose data were included in the final analysis, mean age at diagnosis was 8.7 ± 1.0 years. The majority of boys were of normal weight (n = 28, 50%), while 15 children (26%) were overweight, and 13 (23%) obese. Peak LH levels after GnRH stimulation were 19.8 ± 8.8, 9.0 ± 3.5, and 8.1 ± 4.0 mIU/ml among normal weight, overweight, and obese subjects, respectively (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). By multivariate analysis, there was a significant negative association of BMI with peak-stimulated LH level. Conclusions: The higher BMI is associated with lower LH response to the GnRH stimulation test in boys experiencing precocious puberty. In boys with precocious puberty, BMI should be considered when interpreting GnRH stimulation test.

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The effect of obesity on testicular function by insulin-like factor 3, inhibin B, and leptin concentrations in obese adolescents according to pubertal stages

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Testicular Function and Bone in Young Men with Severe Childhood-Onset Obesity

Testicular Function and Bone in Young Men with Severe Childhood-Onset Obesity

BMI percentile-for-age overestimates adiposity in early compared with late maturing pubertal children

Impact of Body Mass Index on Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Tests of Boys Experiencing Precocious Puberty

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