The Effect of Organic Matter Amendment on Native Soil Humic Substances

Plaza, César; Senesi, N.

doi:10.1002/9780470494950.ch4

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(226 reference statements)

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“…For example, nonpolar analytes that are susceptible to oxidation by singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) are more rapidly degraded if they can partition into the humic DOM phase, which is a potent 1 O 2 photosensitizer (Latch and McNeill, 2006). Thus, humic DOM can participate in the photoreduction of halogenated hydrophobic POPs such as hexachlorobenzene, whereby the analyte partitions into the excited state of humic DOM, which in turn acts as both an electron and hydrogen donor (Uhle et al, 1999; Grannas et al, 2012; Remucal, 2014; Porras et al, 2014). Thus, humic DOM plays a critical role in the photochemical fate of POPs by sensitizing the reaction that renders many compounds susceptible to degradation through indirect pathways.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Agricultural Relevance of Humic Fractions Extracted by Alkali from Soils and Natural Waters

et al. 2019

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To study the structure and function of soil organic matter, soil scientists have performed alkali extractions for soil humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) fractions for more than 200 years. Over the last few decades aquatic scientists have used similar fractions of dissolved organic matter, extracted by resin adsorption followed by alkali desorption. Critics have claimed that alkaliextractable fractions are laboratory artifacts, hence unsuitable for studying natural organic matter structure and function in field conditions. In response, this review first addresses specific conceptual concerns about humic fractions. Then we discuss several case studies in which HA and FA were extracted from soils, waters, and organic materials to address meaningful problems across diverse research settings. Specifically, one case study demonstrated the importance of humic substances for understanding transport and bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants. An understanding of metal binding sites in FA and HA proved essential to accurately model metal ion behavior in soil and water. In landscape-based studies, pesticides were preferentially bound to HA, reducing their mobility. Compost maturity and acceptability of other organic waste for land application were well evaluated by properties of HA extracted from these materials. A young humic fraction helped understand N cycling in paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) soils, leading to improved rice management. The HA and FA fractions accurately represent natural organic matter across multiple environments, source materials, and research objectives. Studying them can help resolve important scientific and practical issues.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Agricultural Relevance of Humic Fractions Extracted by Alkali from Soils and Natural Waters

et al. 2019

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“…The elemental composition, and consequently the functional groups, are strongly influenced by the pedo-climatic conditions [ 17 ], as well as by anthropogenic activities. In a comparative study by Plaza and Senesi [ 32 ], HS fractions extracted from soils that received different organic fertilizers (animal manures, composts, sewage sludge, and olive oil mill wastewaters) exhibited elemental compositions, E4/E6 ratio, fluorescence spectra, FT-IR spectra, 13 C NMR spectra, organic free radical concentrations, intermediate between each amendment and native HS fractions from untreated soils. An indication of these results is that the HS fractions were susceptible to recent soil management with organic fertilizers.…”

Section: Structure Of Humic Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Structure and Biological Activity of Humic Substances Define Their Role as Plant Growth Promoters

2021

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Humic substances (HS) are dominant components of soil organic matter and are recognized as natural, effective growth promoters to be used in sustainable agriculture. In recent years, many efforts have been made to get insights on the relationship between HS chemical structure and their biological activity in plants using combinatory approaches. Relevant results highlight the existence of key functional groups in HS that might trigger positive local and systemic physiological responses via a complex network of hormone-like signaling pathways. The biological activity of HS finely relies on their dosage, origin, molecular size, degree of hydrophobicity and aromaticity, and spatial distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains. The molecular size of HS also impacts their mode of action in plants, as low molecular size HS can enter the root cells and directly elicit intracellular signals, while high molecular size HS bind to external cell receptors to induce molecular responses. Main targets of HS in plants are nutrient transporters, plasma membrane H+-ATPases, hormone routes, genes/enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation, cell division, and development. This review aims to give a detailed survey of the mechanisms associated to the growth regulatory functions of HS in view of their use in sustainable technologies.

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“…15 In one study, the alkyl-C/O-alkyl-C ratio of HM was found to be slightly decreased after long-term N fertilization in a forest soil. 16 In a broader review of nearly 30 published studies, Plaza and Senesi 17 concluded that changes in the chemical nature of humic fractions following organic amendments accurately depict partial incorporation of the organic amendment into native soil organic matter. Hence, the impact of an organic amendment on the chemical nature of HS will depend on the extent that the organic amendment differs chemically from native soil organic matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of Chemical Distinction among Soil Humic Fractions Using Quantitative Solid-State¹³C NMR

Zhao

et al. 2019

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Humic substances (HS) are vital to soil fertility and carbon sequestration. Using multiple cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning (multiCP/MAS) NMR combined with dipolar dephasing, we quantitatively characterized humic fractions, i.e., fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA), and humin (HM), isolated from two representative soils (upland and paddy soils) in China under six long-term (>20 years) fertilizer treatments. Results indicate that each humic fraction showed chemical distinction between the upland and paddy soils, especially with much greater aromaticity of upland HMs than of paddy HMs. Fertilizer treatment exerted greater influence on chemical natures of upland HS than of paddy HS, although the effect was less than that of soil type. Organic manure application especially decreased the percentages of aromatic C in the upland HAs and HMs compared with the control. We concluded that humic fractions responded in chemical nature to environmental conditions, i.e., soil type/cropping system/soil aeration and fertilizer treatments.

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The Effect of Organic Matter Amendment on Native Soil Humic Substances

Cited by 9 publications

References 114 publications

Environmental and Agricultural Relevance of Humic Fractions Extracted by Alkali from Soils and Natural Waters

Environmental and Agricultural Relevance of Humic Fractions Extracted by Alkali from Soils and Natural Waters

Chemical Structure and Biological Activity of Humic Substances Define Their Role as Plant Growth Promoters

Demonstration of Chemical Distinction among Soil Humic Fractions Using Quantitative Solid-State¹³C NMR

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The Effect of Organic Matter Amendment on Native Soil Humic Substances

Cited by 9 publications

References 114 publications

Environmental and Agricultural Relevance of Humic Fractions Extracted by Alkali from Soils and Natural Waters

Environmental and Agricultural Relevance of Humic Fractions Extracted by Alkali from Soils and Natural Waters

Chemical Structure and Biological Activity of Humic Substances Define Their Role as Plant Growth Promoters

Demonstration of Chemical Distinction among Soil Humic Fractions Using Quantitative Solid-State13C NMR

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Demonstration of Chemical Distinction among Soil Humic Fractions Using Quantitative Solid-State¹³C NMR