The effect of organics on the structure and magnetization of electro-synthesised magnetite nanoparticles

Mosivand, Saba; Monzón, Lorena M. A.; Ackland, Karl; Kazeminezhad, Iraj; Coey, J. M. D.

doi:10.1007/s11051-013-1795-y

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…10,48 In the case of sample prepared without cobalt, the spectrum is tted with two magnetic sextets associated with magnetite. Two well-dened magnetic splitting sextets correspond to Fe ions in tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the spinel crystal lattice.…”

Section: Mössbauer Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of electrocrystallized cobalt ferrite nanopowders by tuning the cobalt salt concentration

Mosivand

Kazeminezhad

2015

RSC Adv.

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Cobalt ferrite nanopowders were synthesized by an electrocrystallization method. The synthesis was carried out in an electrochemical cell containing two iron electrodes, and an electrolyte solution of sodium sulfate, sodium butanoate, and cobalt sulphate heptahydrate. The concentration of the cobalt salt was optimized to produce cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, XPS analysis, electron microscopy, magnetometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Based on XRD and XPS results we found that the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are formed in the electrochemical cell containing 0.007 M cobalt sulphate heptahydrate. The nanoparticle size, shape, and morphology were characterized using electron microscopy. Electron microscope images of the samples show the mean particle size ranges from $7 nm to $90 nm. Magnetization curves of the samples show that the coercivity of the cobalt ferrite sample is about 0.04 T, which is much higher than the other samples.Based on our Mössbauer analysis it was found that increasing the concentration of cobalt, dramatically affects the subspectra. An increase in the hyperfine field and decrease in the population of octahedral sites provide direct evidence for the presence of the cobalt ions substitution in the octahedral sites.

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Section: Mössbauer Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of electrocrystallized cobalt ferrite nanopowders by tuning the cobalt salt concentration

Mosivand

Kazeminezhad

2015

RSC Adv.

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“…Bu has a carboxylic group in its structure that chelates the Fe 3+ in solution; therefore, a ferric salt is formed in the electrolyte formed at high temperature. We have observed this effect in a previous report, where we looked at 14 different agents at 60 °C, but kept the concentration and voltage constant [30]. Although some magnetite samples have similar mean particle size, they may still exhibit different specific magnetization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…For non-stoichiometric magnetite, the vacancies are on B-sites, and the charge balance is preserved by a greater proportion of Fe 3+ ions there. The two six-line subspectra are not attributed simply to A and B site iron, but to iron in an Fe 3+ configuration (A-site and some B-site iron) and iron in an Fe 2.5+ configuration involved in electron hopping (the remaining B-site iron) [30,35]. For Fe 3+ and Fe 2.5+ , isomer shifts are 0.22 ± 0.02 and 0.45 ± 0.05 mm/s, line width are 0.24 ± 0.04 and 0.45 ± 0.11 mm/s, quadrupole shifts are 0.02 ± 0.02 and 0.25 ± 0.25 mm/s, and hyperfine fields are 48.5 ± 0.5 and 44.4 ± 0.9 T, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have also found that the structural properties of electro-oxidized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles are affected by the stabilizer concentration [29], and that the specific magnetization (σ s ) of magnetite can be controlled by the capping agent [30]. A great advantage of this synthetic route is that an inert atmosphere is not necessary to avoid oxidation of the nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Growth Conditions on Magnetite Nanoparticles Electro-Crystallized in the Presence of Organic Molecules

Mosivand

Monzón

Kazeminezhad

et al. 2013

IJMS

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Magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by electrocrystallization in the presence of thiourea or sodium butanoate as an organic stabilizer. The synthesis was performed in a thermostatic electrochemical cell containing two iron electrodes with an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate as electrolyte. The effects of organic concentration, applied potential and growth temperature on particle size, morphology, structure and magnetic properties were investigated. The magnetite nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, magnetometry and Mössbauer spectrometry. When the synthesis is performed in the presence of sodium butanoate at 60 °C, a paramagnetic ferric salt is obtained as a second phase; it is possible to avoid formation of this phase, increase the specific magnetization and improve the structure of the oxide particles by tuning the growth conditions. Room-temperature magnetization values range from 45 to 90 Am2kg−1, depending on the particle size, type of surfactant and synthesis conditions. Mössbauer spectra, which were recorded at 290 K for all the samples, are typical of nonstoichiometric Fe3−δO4, with a small excess of Fe3+, 0.05 ≤ δ ≤ 0.15.

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“…The magnetite nanoparticles produced using this surfactant have sizes between 20 and 30 nm. Various compounds may be used to serve as a complexing or stabilizing agent such as salts, e.g., NaCl, Na 2 SO 4 , NaSCN and Na 2 S 2 O 3 (Franger S. et al, 2004) and organics, e.g., thiourea, propylamine, sodium butanoate, hexamethylene-tetra-amine, β-cyclodextrin and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Mosivand S. et al, 2013), and CH 4 H 12 NCl (Cabrera L. et al, 2008).…”

Section: Precursors and Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Preparation of Magnetite Nanoparticles through the Electrochemical Method

Setyawan

Widiyastuti

2019

KONA

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Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) is one of the most important iron oxides due to its extensive range of application in various fields. The characteristics of magnetite can be considerably enhanced by reducing the particle size to the nanometer scale. When novel functions of nanoparticles are desired, it is necessary to have monodispersed or nearly monodispersed nanoparticles. Many synthesis methods have been proposed to produce monodispersed magnetite nanoparticles, including co-precipitation, sol-gel, hydrothermal and electrochemical methods. In this review, progress in the preparation of magnetite nanoparticles and their composites through the electrochemical method and the scale-up method are discussed.

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The effect of organics on the structure and magnetization of electro-synthesised magnetite nanoparticles

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

Synthesis of electrocrystallized cobalt ferrite nanopowders by tuning the cobalt salt concentration

Synthesis of electrocrystallized cobalt ferrite nanopowders by tuning the cobalt salt concentration

Influence of Growth Conditions on Magnetite Nanoparticles Electro-Crystallized in the Presence of Organic Molecules

Progress in the Preparation of Magnetite Nanoparticles through the Electrochemical Method

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