The effect of organisational factors in motivating healthcare employees: a systematic review

Abstract

Healthcare employee motivation is a key concept when attempting to achieve an efficient, effective and good quality healthcare delivery. In this article, a systematic review of primary data from the UK, Europe, Africa and Asia was conducted to consolidate the available evidence on the effect of organisational factors on healthcare employee motivation. Because healthcare delivery is highly labour intensive, it must be acknowledged that human resources are extremely critical in the drive for healthcare organisations to deliver on their organisational goals. The organisational factors that were identified as having a great effect on healthcare employee motivation can be divided into financial and non-financial factors. Remuneration was identified as a strong extrinsic factor, while conducive working conditions, increased responsibilities and appreciation from the communities in which they serve were identified as strong intrinsic factors. Even though there is a cultural aspect to motivation, remuneration, managerial support, and career advancement are core factors that affect all healthcare professionals-irrespective of country. Many of the factors that were observed in the literature as affecting motivation can be addressed by improving the reward strategy of healthcare organisations.

Understanding Why All Types of Motivation Are Necessary in Advanced Anaesthesiology Training Levels and How They Influence Job Satisfaction: Translation of the Self-Determination Theory to Healthcare

“…The reasons for the high levels of extrinsic motivation, which we found in junior residents, are primarily because they experience their first professional income (financial factor) [ 4 ]. Amotivation occurs when an individual experiences lack of competence and the reason for carrying out an activity and possible outcomes are not identified [ 9 , 15 ].…”

“…Many medical departments are facing challenges in providing job satisfaction for residents, combined with a threatening lack of doctors [ 1 , 2 ]. In several fields as well as in healthcare, investigations showed a positive correlation between motivation and job satisfaction, as well as performance of employees [ 3 ] and, therefore, motivation plays a crucial role to provide efficient and good quality patient care [ 4 ].…”

The Lived Experience of Implementing Infection Control Measures in Care Homes during two waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic. A mixed-methods study

“…Many (but not all) interviewees reported on the positive effects of supportive colleagues, management and external support. This is important as recognition and support are commonly cited as important factors in motivating healthcare workers (Afolabi et al 2018), and especially during the pandemic (Marshall et al 2021; White et al 2021; Spaetgens et al 2020).…”

Motivators for medical staff with a high gap in healthcare efficiency: Comparative research from Poland and Ukraine

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Recent research on healthcare performance in Europe applied data envelopment analysis and revealed countries with high and low effectiveness and efficiency rates continent-wide. 7 Generally speaking, healthcare effectiveness is measured as the ratio of healthy years lived and life expectancy per infant mortality [4][5][6] ; however; utilising Lo Storto and Goncharuk's 7 approach effectiveness of a healthcare system is based solely on quality of care. Furthermore, healthcare efficiency reflects how many medical doctors, nurses and other health professionals in correlation with available beds in hospitals are needed to meet the demand for healthcare services among the population of a country.…”

“…It is evident that healthcare systems in which medical staff are properly motivated show a higher level of effectiveness and efficiency and, vice versa, improperly motivated a lower level 1‐6 . Recent research on healthcare performance in Europe applied data envelopment analysis and revealed countries with high and low effectiveness and efficiency rates continent‐wide 7 .…”