The Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on the Hourglass Appearance of the Neck

Gülsever, Serap; Suzen, Muazzez; Uçkan, Sina

doi:10.1097/scs.0000000000008816

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The morphology of the neck and the transition from the upper part of the neck to the inferior border of the mandible have potentially significant effects on esthetic perceptions of the lower face. As reported in the study by Gulsever et al, orthognathic surgery may cause a significant change in the concavity angle of the neck, which determines the hourglass appearance of the neck in the frontal view 19 . Therefore, to obtain postoperative esthetic results, it would be beneficial to have information about the NCA range perceived as esthetic and to consider it in orthognathic surgery planning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As reported in the study by Gulsever et al, orthognathic surgery may cause a significant change in the concavity angle of the neck, which determines the hourglass appearance of the neck in the frontal view. 19 Therefore, to obtain postoperative esthetic results, it would be beneficial to have information about the NCA range perceived as esthetic and to consider it in orthognathic surgery planning. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the NCA on perceived esthetics and to determine the norm range of NCA to guide clinicians in orthognathic surgery treatment planning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Gulsever et al reported that orthognathic surgical procedures to correct Class II dentofacial deformity have caused a significant decrease in the width of the narrowest part of the neck and concavity angle of the neck, therefore positively affecting the hourglass appearance of the neck in the frontal view. 19 To our knowledge, there is no existing study evaluating the effect of the concavity angle of the neck on the perceived esthetics in the frontal view.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, there are several studies evaluating the effects of dimensional and angular changes in various anatomic structures of the face and neck on perceptions of profile or frontal attractiveness 10–18 . Gulsever et al reported that orthognathic surgical procedures to correct Class II dentofacial deformity have caused a significant decrease in the width of the narrowest part of the neck and concavity angle of the neck, therefore positively affecting the hourglass appearance of the neck in the frontal view 19 . To our knowledge, there is no existing study evaluating the effect of the concavity angle of the neck on the perceived esthetics in the frontal view.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of the Hourglass Form of the Neck on Perceptions of Frontal Esthetics

Gulsever,

Suzen,

Tuncer

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of the neck concavity angle (NCA) on different occupational groups’ perceptions of frontal esthetics. An online survey was developed using Google Forms and sent to the observers through WhatsApp. Male and female frontal silhouettes were created, and NCAs that comprise the hourglass form of the neck were altered in 5 degrees increments from 120 degrees to 170 degrees. Observers were asked to score the images using 0 to 10 numerical rating scale. In all, 279 observers (97 orthodontists, 92 oral-maxillofacial surgeons, and 90 laypeople) participated in this study. For the male and female silhouettes, an NCA of 145 degrees was perceived as the most esthetic, while an NCA of 170 degrees was perceived as the least esthetic by all groups. Generally, an NCA greater than 145 degrees was perceived as less esthetic than an NCA smaller than 145 degrees. There was no significant difference between the scores of the observer groups for the silhouettes except for the female silhouettes with an NCA of 125 degrees or 150 degrees and the male silhouettes with an NCA of 145 degrees or 150 degrees. For both the female and male silhouettes, the further the NCA increased or decreased from 145 degrees, the less esthetic it was perceived to be. A significant increase in NCA was perceived as less esthetic than a significant decrease. The range of NCAs perceived as esthetic varied between 120 degrees and 145 degrees for women and between 130 degrees and 150 degrees for men. These ranges of variability of NCA may provide clinicians with useful information for orthognathic surgical planning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of the Hourglass Form of the Neck on Perceptions of Frontal Esthetics

Gulsever,

Suzen,

Tuncer

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…For this reason, despite its functional objective, many patients seek orthognathic surgery for aesthetic reasons (Consorti et al, 2023). The cervical/submandibular region is an area of great concern for surgeons (Gulsever et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plication of the Suprahyoid Muscles Concomitant with Genioplasty to Improve the Aesthetics of the Submandibular Region

Bachesk,

Leal,

Teixeira

et al. 2023

Int. J. Odontostomat.

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In addition to functionally correcting skeletal facial deformities, orthognathic surgery also has a great impact on aesthetics and facial proportions. However, patients who have soft tissue changes, such as tissue flaccidity, may not achieve an ideal result, and require complementary surgical techniques that promote aesthetic refinement. The literature on less invasive techniques is limited, and therefore, this work aims to report a surgical technique performed concomitantly with genioplasty to refine the harmony of the submandibular region, in a simple and effective way. Patient with skeletal class II deformity, with lack of mandibular definition and submandibular flaccidity, underwent bimaxillary advancement orthognathic surgery with advancement genioplasty to correct chin retrusion. Due to limited results with bone repositioning alone, plication of the suprahyoid musculature was performed in association with the same approach used in the genioplasty. As a result, there was traction in the cervical region, with a consequent decrease in the submental-cervical angle and improvement in submandibular aesthetics. Furthermore, there was no need for extensive surgical intervention and no impairment of the functional results of the orthognathic surgery itself. Therefore, it can be concluded that plication of the suprahyoid musculature concomitantly with genioplasty is a technique that promotes aesthetic gains in the cervical region.

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Assessing the Efficacy of Submental Liposuction Association in Orthognathic Surgery

Bachesk,

Peixoto,

Leal

et al. 2024

Ann Plast Surg

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Purpose Despite the vast literature on submental liposuction, there are few studies describing its simultaneous association in orthognathic surgery. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness of the combination between the 2 techniques. Methods This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist and used a comprehensive literature search across 7 databases. All studies discussing submental liposuction in orthognathic surgery were eligible for inclusion, regardless of language. The Joanna Briggs Institute assessment tools were used to assess risk of bias. After a 2-step selection process, a total of 10 studies were included, including 2 cohort studies, 1 case-control study, 1 case series, and 6 case reports. Results Sixty-seven patients from 5 countries were evaluated. Ages ranged from 15.1 to 50 years. The prevalence according to the facial pattern was similar, with a higher incidence in women. The major indications for surgery were related to the presence of skeletal deformities and aesthetic changes in the cervical region. The forms of evaluation used to indicate surgery were photographs (n = 29; 43.28%), visual scale by 2 surgeons (n = 20; 29.85%), clinical examination (n = 23; 34.32%), and cephalometric analysis (n = 17; 25.37%). The postoperative follow-up time ranged from 6 months to 7.9 years. Despite the different forms of evaluation, all articles mentioned benefits with the association of submental liposuction in orthognathic surgery. The most cited complications were sensory changes in the lower lip (n = 4; 5.97), facial nerve injury (n = 2; 2.98%), infection (n = 2; 2.98%), maintenance of submental lipomatosis (n = 2; 2.98%), and skin irregularities (n = 2; 2.98%). Conclusion This systematic review showed that submental liposuction associated with orthognathic surgery improves cervical aesthetics and that it is safe, with a low rate of complications. However, the number of studies on this topic is limited, and the studies are not standardized. There is lack of information especially regarding the evaluation methods used. Metric techniques such as ultrasound and tissue caliper adipometry could be possibilities for future studies.

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The Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on the Hourglass Appearance of the Neck

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

The Influence of the Hourglass Form of the Neck on Perceptions of Frontal Esthetics

The Influence of the Hourglass Form of the Neck on Perceptions of Frontal Esthetics

Plication of the Suprahyoid Muscles Concomitant with Genioplasty to Improve the Aesthetics of the Submandibular Region

Assessing the Efficacy of Submental Liposuction Association in Orthognathic Surgery

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