The Effect of Oxygen Content on the Formation Behavior of Sulfides of MnS System and the Machinability of Low Carbon Resulphurized Steel

Isobe, Kohichi; Kusano, Yoshiaki; Maede, Hirobumi

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.80.12_890

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…5) Furthermore, it is well-known that MnS inclusion improves the machinability of steels. 6) Although there have been extensive studies on the formation and morphology of MnS in steel, [10][11][12][13][14][15] few studies on the microstructural features of CrS have been performed. There have also been reports on the improvement of corrosion resistance resulting from the decreasing Mn/S ratio in stainless steel consequent with increasing Cr content in sulfide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the introduction and modification of inclusions have also received a great deal of attention as a new technique for improving the mechanical properties of steel. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] For instance, since manganese sulfide acts as a heterogeneous nucleation site of intragranular ferrite, it is used for refining the ferritic structure 3,4) and for improving the toughness in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the weld metal. 5) Furthermore, it is well-known that MnS inclusion improves the machinability of steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology of Sulfide Formed in the Fe-Cr-S Ternary Alloys.

et al. 2002

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The evolution of sulfide morphology in the Fe-(0.3-18)mass%Cr-(0.05-0.3)mass%S alloys during solidification and heat treatment was investigated by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, analytical electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. In situ observation of the formation of the fine particle sulfide was also conducted at elevated temperatures by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The morphology of sulfide in the Fe-Cr-S ternary alloys was found to change from a cell wall type to a globular type with increasing Cr content. Accompanying the phase transformation of the matrix from the d phase to the g phase, two types of transgranular fine particle sulfide were formed. One is a fine spherical sulfide formed from the FeS-rich liquid phase through the remelting reaction of d→gϩLiq. in less than 5 mass% Cr alloys, and the other is a fine rod-like sulfide formed through the eutectoid reaction of d→gϩsulfide in 5 to 13 mass% Cr alloys. The formation mechanism of various types of sulfide morphology was examined based on phase diagram information.KEY WORDS: sulfide morphology; in situ observation; mechanism of sulfide formation; phase diagram; stainless steel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of Sulfide Formed in the Fe-Cr-S Ternary Alloys.

et al. 2002

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“…Turkdogan and Kor found that if sufficient oxygen present in the Fe−Mn−S−O system, a liquid oxysulfide phase present at temperatures above 900 °C. Many oxides which act as the site of heterogeneous nucleation that manganese sulfide forms at end stage of solidification . Oikawa et al have concentrated on the morphology of sulfide inclusions formed in steel during solidification, which shows that manganese sulfide is formed by the stable eutectic or metastable monotectic reaction, and the properties (e.g., solid/liquid or interfacial energy) of non‐metallic inclusions, which become nucleation sites, contribute greatly to the type of sulfide morphology developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation and Growth of Sulfides in Free‐Cutting Stainless Steel

Sui

Wang

et al. 2018

steel research int.

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The effect of oxygen content on the manganese sulfide in the process of cooling and heat treatment is studied. The experimental results show that the changes of oxygen content have a great effect on the formation and growth of sulfide in free-cutting steel. And the morphology of sulfides transforms from Type II to type I in cooling process with the increase of oxygen content contribute to the formation of some oxides during initial solidification stage, which results in the formation of MnS from eutectic reaction to monotectic reaction. Oxygen content has a great effect on nucleation through decreasing nucleation work, increasing the oxygen content helps heterogeneous nucleation process. In slow cooling and heat treatment process, with the increase of oxygen content, sulfide inclusion coarsening rate is increasing and size of inclusion is remarkably magnifying, using Ostwald ripening theory.

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“…But type II MnS inclusions, which precipitated as sheet‐like or rod‐like forms in an eutectic mode in the steel with lower oxygen content, are unfavorable to the machinability and can cause the steel anisotropy 5–9. However, further studies of the influence of total oxygen content on the machinability are still necessary, for example, higher total oxygen content also may lead to an increase of the oxide inclusions in the steel which are harmful to the machinability 10, 11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Total Oxygen Content on the Machinability of Low Carbon Resulfurized Free Cutting Steel

Liu

Chen

2012

steel research int.

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The effect of total oxygen content on the machinability of low carbon resulfurized free cutting steel was studied by means of machinability tests, metallographic, and scanning electron microscopy observation. The results showed that the total oxygen content had a notable effect on the machinability of SAE 1215 steel. The best machinability of the steel in terms of tool life and surface roughness could be obtained by controlling the total oxygen content at 0.0105 and 0.0125 wt%. When total oxygen content in the steel was less than 0.0105 wt%, the machinability of the steel was increased with the increase of total oxygen content because of the significant reduction of the aspect ratio of MnS inclusions. However, when total oxygen content in the steel was more than 0.0125 wt%, the machinability of the steel was deteriorated dramatically with the increase of total oxygen content, which was attributed to that the amount and the size of oxide inclusions (MnO–Al2O3, MnO–SiO2, and 2MnO–SiO2) with high hardness and high melting point both had a significant increase, and some MnS inclusions were also wrapped by the MnO–SiO2 and 2MnO–SiO2 hard oxides. Furthermore, the tool wear would reach the maximum when total oxygen in the steel rose to 0.0150 wt%.

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The Effect of Oxygen Content on the Formation Behavior of Sulfides of MnS System and the Machinability of Low Carbon Resulphurized Steel

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Morphology of Sulfide Formed in the Fe-Cr-S Ternary Alloys.

Morphology of Sulfide Formed in the Fe-Cr-S Ternary Alloys.

The Formation and Growth of Sulfides in Free‐Cutting Stainless Steel

Effect of Total Oxygen Content on the Machinability of Low Carbon Resulfurized Free Cutting Steel

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