The effect of oxygen impurities on the behaviour of type 316 stainless steel in Pb-17Li

Effect of oxygen on the corrosion behavior of SS316L in a buoyancy driven Pb–17Li loop

“…Firstly, both Cr and Ni were found to deplete at the porous layer though the reduction in Cr was about 30% higher than Ni. It has been reported earlier that Cr depletion is higher in the presence of oxygen under static conditions [10,11], possibly due to its increased solubility. Under dynamic conditions, Cr depletion has been reported to be 52% in the absence of oxygen [3].…”

“…It is expected that, this corrosion phenomenon will be affected by various impurities if present in the lead-lithium eutectic. Investigation of the effect of oxygen on SS316L samples kept inside static Pb-17Li capsules have shown an increase in ferrite layer thickness and the presence of a chromium rich zone on the outer periphery of the ferrite [10]. It was not clear whether this increase was due to the formation of oxygen containing corrosion products or due to the increased solubility of nickel in a highly lead-rich lead-lithium alloy thus formed.…”

“…It was not clear whether this increase was due to the formation of oxygen containing corrosion products or due to the increased solubility of nickel in a highly lead-rich lead-lithium alloy thus formed. The introduction of gaseous oxygen or Li 2 O into static Pb-17Li was predicted to result in the formation of corrosion products like LiCrO 2 , but the results have not been confirmed [10,11]. On the other hand, selective surface pre-oxidation to produce lithium ternary oxides on the surface of SS316L have caused a reduction in the corrosion rate in Pb-17Li by a factor of 2-4 [12].…”

Characteristics of nickel and iron diffusion in molten lead–17lithium alloy

“…The C s in this study are the solubility of Fe and Ni in the Pb-17Li and they are given as Eqs. (5) and (6), respectively [6,7]. The least squares method was used to de derive the diffusion coefficient from the concentration distribution of Fe and Ni in Pb-17Li.…”

Heat and mass transfer calculations in heavy liquid metal loops under forced convection flow conditions

“…[13] that the effective iron diffusivity in Pb-17Li is by about five orders of magnitude smaller than given by the Sutherland-Einstein equation is qualitatively confirmed. The calculations were based on the use of the iron solubilities given in [20,21]. With values of the iron solubility as recommended in [22,23] one would have to take much higher values for the iron diffusivity in order to obtain reasonable values for the dissolution rates.…”