The effect of ozone and open air factor on surface-attached and biofilm environmental <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>

Nicholas, Rebecca Charlotte; Dunton, Peter G.; Tatham, Arthur S.; Fielding, Louise

doi:10.1111/jam.12239

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first study describing the capacity of aqueous and gaseous O 3 to inactivate aSTC under different operational conditions. The results of this study supported the earlier finding that the physical and chemical properties of the surface have great impact on the killing capacity of O 3 [25][26][27]. The most efficient bacterial reduction was achieved on smooth surfaces, plastic and metal, in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the Decontamination Power of Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone on Various Contaminated Surfaces with Cattle Manure containing Salmonella

Megahed¹,

Brian²,

Lowe³

2018

J Adv Dairy Res

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Despite using ozone (O 3) as an attractive alternative disinfectant for more than a century, little is known about the killing capacity of O 3 against Salmonella contaminated different surfaces in dairy operations. Accordingly, our objective was to characterize the killing capacity of aqueous and gaseous O 3 at different operational conditions on Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Choleraesuis (aSTC) contaminated plastic, metal, nylon, rubber, and wood surfaces. In a crossover design, 14 strips of each material were randomly assigned between 3 groups, treatment (n=6), positive-control (n=6), and negative-control (n=2). The strips were loaded with aSTC (10 7-10 8) and exposed to aqueous O 3 of 2, 4, and 9 ppm for 4 minutes, and gaseous O 3 of 1 and 9 ppm for 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Plastic and metal surfaces were most effectively decontaminated, an aqueous O 3 of 4 ppm reduced aSTC by 6.7 and 5.2log 10 , respectively, and 9 ppm resulted in no detectable aSTC. On nylon and rubber, aqueous O 3 of 9 ppm reduced aSTC population to a safe level (5.8 and 5.1-log 10). On wood, both aqueous and gaseous O 3 at up to 9 ppm were unable to reduce aSTC to undetectable limit. Interestingly, aSTC load and sequential washing showed same impacts on the reduction rate of aSTC on complex surfaces. Our findings strongly indicate that aqueous O 3 of 9 ppm for 4 minutes exposure is an effective means to clear smooth surfaces of a high Salmonella load. However, sequential washing or decrease the bacterial load is needed to effectively decontaminate complex surfaces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the Decontamination Power of Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone on Various Contaminated Surfaces with Cattle Manure containing Salmonella

Megahed¹,

Brian²,

Lowe³

2018

J Adv Dairy Res

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“…Such way of expressing microbial inactivation is common in the food context (Chang and Craik, 2012). No positive control was prepared, as usual in similar studies (Baumann et al, 2009; Nicholas et al, 2013; de Candia et al, 2015). In fact, in the food field a “gold standard treatment” for biofilm studies doesn’t exist, but a list of measures differently active in terms of active substance, time of treatment, and temperature exists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Foodborne Bacteria Biofilms by Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone

2018

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In this study, the efficacy of treatments with ozone in water and gaseous ozone against attached cells and microbial biofilms of three foodborne species, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes, was investigated. Biofilms formed on AISI 304 stainless steel coupons from a mixture of three strains (one reference and two wild strains) of each microbial species were subjected to three types of treatment for increasing times: (i) ozonized water (0.5 ppm) by immersion in static condition, (ii) ozonized water under flow conditions, and (iii) gaseous ozone at different concentrations (0.1–20 ppm). The Excel add-in GinaFit tool allowed to estimate the survival curves of attached cells and microbial biofilms, highlighting that, regardless of the treatment, the antimicrobial effect occurred in the first minutes of treatment, while by increasing contact times probably the residual biofilm population acquired greater resistance to ozonation. Treatment with aqueous ozone under static conditions resulted in an estimated viability reduction of 1.61–2.14 Log CFU/cm2 after 20 min, while reduction values were higher (3.26–5.23 Log CFU/cm2) for biofilms treated in dynamic conditions. S. aureus was the most sensitive species to aqueous ozone under dynamic conditions. With regard to the use of gaseous ozone, at low concentrations (up to 0.2 ppm), estimated inactivations of 2.01–2.46 Log CFU/cm2 were obtained after 60 min, while at the highest concentrations a complete inactivation (<10 CFU/cm2) of the biofilms of L. monocytogenes and the reduction of 5.51 and 4.72 Log CFU/cm2 of P. fluorescens and S. aureus respectively after 60 and 20 min were achieved. Considering the results, ozone in water form might be used in daily sanitation protocols at the end of the day or during process downtime, while gaseous ozone might be used for the treatment of confined spaces for longer times (e.g., overnight) and in the absence of personnel, to allow an eco-friendly control of microbial biofilms and consequently reduce the risk of cross-contamination in the food industry.

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“…aureus and Ps. aeruginosa (Bialoszewski et al ., ) or L. monocytogenes (Nicholas et al ., ) although ozonated water is effective in reducing or removing biofilms of Pseudomonas spp. (Tachikawa et al ., ; Bialoszewski et al ., ), Staph.…”

Section: Chemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial biofilms in food processing environments: a review of recent developments in chemical and biological control

Phillips

2016

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Biofilms are immobile communities of micro-organisms attached to any surface, such as stainless steel or a food matrix surface or on packaging material. They may be composed of a single species, but more generally, in the natural environment, they consist of mixed species together with an extracellular matrix. Biofilms provide a common mechanism of persistence for a number of bacterial species especially in food processing environments, and therefore, prevention of biofilm formation and the removal of preformed biofilms are an important issue for the food industry. This article reviews the current understanding on the formation of biofilms and recent developments in biological and chemical methods for prevention and removal.

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The effect of ozone and open air factor on surface-attached and biofilm environmental Listeria monocytogenes

Cited by 41 publications

References 34 publications

Evaluation of the Decontamination Power of Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone on Various Contaminated Surfaces with Cattle Manure containing Salmonella

Evaluation of the Decontamination Power of Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone on Various Contaminated Surfaces with Cattle Manure containing Salmonella

Inactivation of Foodborne Bacteria Biofilms by Aqueous and Gaseous Ozone

Bacterial biofilms in food processing environments: a review of recent developments in chemical and biological control

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