The Effect of Paddle Stroke Variables Measured by Trainesense SmartPaddle® on the Velocity of the Kayak

Löppönen, Antti; Vänttinen, Tomi; Haverinen, Marko; Linnamo, Vesa

doi:10.3390/s22030938

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A total of 122 articles were retrieved, excluding six articles not belonging to the object of study. [44][45][46][47][48][49] Finally, 116 publications were analysed: 101 articles and five reviews.…”

Section: Data Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific mapping of the state-of-the-art in padel. A bibliometric analysis

Denche-Zamorano

Escudero-Tena

Pereira-Payo

et al. 2023

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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Padel has become one of the most popular racket sports in the world, capturing the interest of researchers and thus increasing the number of manuscripts that revolve around this sport. This article describes the state of development of the science of padel and locates the most relevant journals, authors, institutions, countries and keywords on the subject. The set of publications related to padel was retrieved from the main collection of the Web of Science. The state of development of padel in science was verified. Journals, authors, institutions, countries and keywords in the topic were analysed with the VOSviewer software. A total of 116 publications were analysed, finding that the publications on padel were in a phase of exponential growth. Sánchez-Alcaraz, Courel-Ibañez, Muñoz-Marín, Ramón-Llin and Sánchez-Pay were the most prominent authors, with the University of Murcia and Spain being the main institution and country on the subject. The science of padel is growing exponentially, with Spain being the driving force behind the topic of study, with new countries joining in recent years. This study provides relevant information on the state-of-the-art padel, and it will help researchers to establish new relationships and find more relevant authors and articles.

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Section: Data Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific mapping of the state-of-the-art in padel. A bibliometric analysis

Denche-Zamorano

Escudero-Tena

Pereira-Payo

et al. 2023

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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“…There are no equivalent paddle force data for slalom paddling in the literature. However, by comparison elite adult sprint paddlers doing a 200 m course at 60 strokes per minute (similar to the cadence in slalom paddling) generate 126-225 N of peak force (Gomes et al, 2015) and the peak paddle forces for maximal paddling of one length of a pool for canoe polo athletes (who paddle kayaks: Löppönen et al, 2022) is 125 N. With one hand pushing and one hand pulling during a canoe or kayak stroke, the peak paddle force will be the difference in force between the two hands and thus will be less than the peak hand force. Indeed, the peak hand forces across eight K1 slalom paddlers was reported at 184 N, but they achieved an impulse of 62 N s that was similar to the impulses recorded in our study (Macdermid et al, 2019).…”

Section: Stroke Type Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetries in paddle force influence choice of stroke type for canoe slalom athletes

Wakeling,

Smiešková,

Pratt

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Canoe slalom is an Olympic discipline where athletes race down a whitewater course in kayaks (K1) or canoes (C1) navigating a set of down-stream and up-stream gates. Kayak paddles are symmetrical and have a blade at each end, whereas C1 paddles have only one blade that must be moved across the boat to perform strokes on either the right or left side. Asymmetries in paddle force between the two sides of the boat may lead to a reduction in predicted race time. The purpose of this study was to quantify asymmetries in the paddle forces between the two sides for slalom paddling. Paddle forces for 42 canoe slalom athletes (C1 and K1) were quantified from the straight sections of a flat-water figure-of-eight course. Paddle forces were measured using strain gauges embedded in the paddle shaft, stroke type was identified using video, and boat trajectory was tracked using inertial measurement units and high-speed GPS: data were fused using in-house analysis software. Paddle forces were quantified by their peak force, and impulse during the stroke. Paddle forces for the kayakers had asymmetries of 14.2 to 17.1% for the male K1M and 11.1 to 14.4% for the women K1W. Canoeists were no more asymmetrical than the kayakers for their ‘on-side’ strokes between the right and left sides. However, there were considerable differences for their ‘off-side’ strokes: male C1M off-side paddle forces were similar to their ‘on-side’ forces for the same side, but the women C1W had a significantly lower (−20.8% to −29.5%) paddle forces for their ‘off-side’ strokes compared to their ‘on-side’ strokes on that same side. Despite an increasing number of younger male athletes being introduced to the switching technique, and it being used by C1M athletes in international competitions since 2014, C1M paddlers still do not use switching transitions as much as C1W. The data from this study indicate that there is a biomechanical reason for this sex-based difference in the higher proportion of off-side strokes used by the C1M athletes compared to C1W athletes: and this needs to be considered for optimal technique development and race performance.

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“…Papers [ 7 , 8 ] both studied kayaking. The aim of [ 7 ] was to investigate the magnitude and shape of the forces applied on the foot rest, foot strap, and paddle, and it was found that when comparing the best and worst kayakers’ performance, the best showed greater magnitudes of force and greater synchronization of the peak forces.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was recommended that analyses of the force–time curves, including not only the forces applied by the kayaker on the paddle but also the ones applied on the foot rest and strap, should be considered relevant in terms of technique analyses. In article [ 8 ], the aim was to compare key variables of paddle strokes measured by a commercial Trainesense SmartPaddle ® against the strain-gauge shaft and investigate how these variables are associated with the velocity of the boat among national-level canoe polo players. It was concluded that the SmartPaddle can provide promising information on key stroke variables when compared to the strain-gauge paddle shaft.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%