The Effect of Pantothenic Acid Deficiency on Keratinocyte Proliferation and the Synthesis of Keratinocyte Growth Factor and Collagen in Fibroblasts

Abstract

Pantothenic acid is one of the essential nutrients contained in various foods. Pantothenic acid, also referred to as vitamin B5, is a member of the water-soluble group of vitamins. Pantothenic acid is converted to 4′-phosphopantetein, which is then converted to coenzyme A (CoA) with ATP. CoA is involved in acyl transfer during metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. CoA is also utilized for synthesis of acyl carrier protein (ACP), which is mainly involved in lipid metabolism. Although pantothenic acid deficiency is rare in healthy subjects, factors such as stress, pregnancy, and predominant consumption of processed foods can cause pantothenic acid deficiency. It has been reported that pantothenic acid deficiency causes growth arrest, weight loss, dermatitis, dyslipidemia, neuropathy, and adrenal disorders (1, 2).Pantothenic acid and its alcohol analogue panthenol have been used for many years for skin protection and to improve skin regeneration after wounding (3). In terms of the effects of pantothenic acid on dermal fibroblasts, Weimann and Hermann (4) revealed that Ca D-pantothenic acid promoted fibroblast proliferation and migration. Furthermore, Wiederholt et al. (5) used microarray analysis to investigate the effects of Ca D-pantothenic acid on gene expression in proliferating dermal fibroblasts. However, there are no studies examining the effect of pantothenic acid on keratinocytes. Therefore, in this study, we examined the direct effect of pantothenic acid on the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes by using the MTT assay and measuring the expression of cytokeratin 10 (CK10), a keratinocyte differentiation marker (6). We also evaluated the effect of pantothenic acid deficiency on the synthesis of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and procollagen in fibroblasts, which are involved in keratinocyte growth.Human HaCaT keratinocytes were given to us by Dr. N.E. Fusenig (German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany). The cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 4 mg/l Ca D-pantothenic acid supplemented with 1% fetal calf serum (FCS), penicillin (50 units/ml), and streptomycin (50 μg/ml) in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 / 95% air at 37°C. Keratinocytes were treated with pantothenic acid-deficient DMEM for a week before the experiments. Fibroblasts were prepared as follows: Embryonic day 15.5 mice were dissected and the whole body except head and extremities were homogenized, Abstract. It has been reported that pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and panthenol, an alcohol derivative of pantothenic acid, have beneficial moisturizing effects on the skin. However, few studies have investigated the mechanism of action of pantothenic acid on skin tissues. We tried to clarify the role of pantothenic acid on skin function by using keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The depletion of pantothenic acid from the culture medium suppressed keratinocyte proliferation and promoted differentiation. Moreover, pantothenic acid depletion decreased the synthesis of keratinoc...

Pantethine Prevents Murine Systemic Sclerosis Through the Inhibition of Microparticle Shedding

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Feasibility, Tolerability, Safety and Efficacy of a Pantothenic Acid Based Dietary Supplement in Subjects with Mild to Moderate Facial Acne Blemishes

“…Pantothenic acid is converted into 4'-phosphopantetheine which is then converted to co-enzyme A (CoA) utilizing adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) [7][8][9]. CoA is involved in lipid metabolism and many other cellular processes and it has been shown that pantothenic acid may regulate epidermal barrier function through proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes via CoA metabolism [10]. It is possible that the reduction in the amount of global skin lesions in volunteers following oral administration of the pantothenic acid based study agent may function through these mechanisms.…”

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of a Novel Pantothenic Acid-Based Dietary Supplement in Subjects with Mild to Moderate Facial Acne

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