The effect of parasitization by Trichogramma australicum on Helicoverpa armigera host eggs and embryos

Jarjees, Ekhlass A; Merritt, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2003.12.001

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In a closely related species H . armigera , a ring of syncytial nuclei cold be seen at 4 hours after oviposition [ 62 ] and nuclei division could have started much earlier than 4 hours. Observation of mosaic eye pigmentation patterns that contained patches of wild type eye color in mutants ( Fig 2 ) and identification of mutations that abolish the TO enzyme activity in phenotypically wild type insects ( Fig 3 ) of H .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9 mediated high efficiency knockout of the eye color gene Vermillion in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)

2018

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Among various genome editing tools available for functional genomic studies, reagents based on clustered regularly interspersed palindromic repeats (CRISPR) have gained popularity due to ease and versatility. CRISPR reagents consist of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes formed by combining guide RNA (gRNA) that target specific genomics regions and a CRISPR associated nuclease (Cas). The gRNA targeting specific gene sequences may be delivered as a plasmid construct that needs to be transcribed or as a synthetic RNA. The Cas nuclease can be introduced as a plasmid construct, mRNA, or purified protein. The efficiency of target editing is dependent on intrinsic factors specific to each species, the target gene sequence, and the delivery methods of CRISPR gRNA and the Cas nuclease. Although intrinsic factors affecting genome editing may not be altered in most experiments, the delivery method for CRISPR/Cas reagents can be optimized to produce the best results. In this study, the efficiency of genome editing by CRISPR/Cas system in the bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), was evaluated using ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes assembled by binding synthetic gRNA with purified Cas9 nuclease engineered with nuclear localization signals to target the vermillion (eye color) gene. Mutation rates of adults emerging from embryos microinjected with 1, 2, or 4 μM RNP complexes were compared using replicated experiments. Embryos injected with 2 or 4 μM RNP complexes displayed significantly higher mutation rates (>88%) in surviving adults compared to those injected with 1 μM. The hatch rate in embryos injected with RNP complexes and with injection buffer only (mock injections) was reduced by 19.8(±5.2)% compared to noninjected control embryos, but did not differ significantly between injected embryos. Evaluation of potential off-target sites in H. zea genome did not identify any mutations. This study demonstrates that in vitro assembled synthetic RNP complexes can be used to obtain high genome editing rates in a reproducible manner in functional genomics or genetic manipulation studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9 mediated high efficiency knockout of the eye color gene Vermillion in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)

2018

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“…Such a mechanism might explain the low suitability of O. furnacalis eggs to T. dendrolimi. Trichogramma females may secret parasitization factors to confront the host's immune response (Takada et al, 2000;Jarjees & Merritt, 2004). Zhu et al (2014) reported that the venom of T. ostriniae females significantly increased the successful parasitism of O. furnacalis eggs by T. dendrolimi.…”

Section: Effects Of Host Diet On Host Suitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Number of attacks by Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) affects the successful parasitism of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs

Huang

Hua

Wang

et al. 2017

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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In laboratories, the parasitism rate of Ostrinia furnacalis (Güenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs by Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is low; however, efforts to control O. furnacalis with T. dendrolimi in the field have been successful. In this study, the effects of the number of attacks by T. dendrolimi against O. furnacalis eggs and diet of O. furnacalis larva on wasp development were investigated. The results indicated that more attacks increased significantly not only the successful parasitism rate of O. furnacalis eggs by T. dendrolimi, but also the percentage of host eggs that failed to develop into either O. furnacalis larvae or T. dendrolimi. Both the size and female proportion of T. dendrolimi offspring decreased as the number of attacks increased. The number of T. dendrolimi eggs laid in per host egg increased significantly as the ratio of wasps to host eggs increased from 1:5 to 3:5. Host diet also significantly affected the developmental time of immaturity and the emergence rate of adults of T. dendrolimi. These results illustrate how inundative releases of T. dendrolimi can successfully control O. furnacalis despite the fact that pest parasitism by the subsequent wasp generation decreases sharply in the field. The suitability of O. furnacalis eggs to T. dendrolimi and the superparasitism effects on offspring of T. dendrolimi are discussed.

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“…In pupal endoparasitoid Pimpla hypochondriaca, many functional proteins in venom have been analysed; 28 k and 30 kDa proteins as serine protease (Parkinson et al 2002a), 22 kDa as pimplin of paralytic peptide (Parkinson et al 2002b), 39.9 kDa as reprolysin type metalloprotease (Parkinson et al 2002c), 74 kDa with antibacterial and proteolytic activity (Dani et al, 2003). Venom components of egg parasitoids is not clarified although a few case is analyzed; Telenomus heliothidis (Strand et al, 1983, Strand, 1986, Trichogramma pretiosum (Strand, 1986), T. dendrolimi (Takada et al, 2000), T. australicum (Jarjees & Merritt, 2004). Venoms (female-derived factor or acid gland) are injected into the host eggs with parasitoid egg and arrest the host development.…”

Section: Egg Parasitoids As Idiobiontmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Venoms (female-derived factor or acid gland) are injected into the host eggs with parasitoid egg and arrest the host development. Jarjees & Merritt (2004) suggested that venom was responsible for host die and degeneration of host tissues using sterile female.…”

Section: Egg Parasitoids As Idiobiontmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticides and Parasitoids

Tanaka¹,

Minakuchi²

2012

Insecticides - Advances in Integrated Pest Management

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The effect of parasitization by Trichogramma australicum on Helicoverpa armigera host eggs and embryos

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

CRISPR/Cas9 mediated high efficiency knockout of the eye color gene Vermillion in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)

CRISPR/Cas9 mediated high efficiency knockout of the eye color gene Vermillion in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)

Number of attacks by Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) affects the successful parasitism of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs

Insecticides and Parasitoids

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