The Effect of Paredrine on the Venous System. 1

Iglauer, Arnold; Altschule, Mark D.

doi:10.1172/jci101154

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…They believed that an increase in venous tone, decreasing the total volume of the vascular system, might be responsible. Iglauer and Altschule (16) have shown that other sympathomimetic drugs-adrenaline and paredrine-increase the peripheral venous pressure. Ranges and Bradley also mentioned an increase in "cardiac tone" as the cause of the elevated right atrial pressure following angiotonin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Nor-Epinephrine Upon Pulmonary Arteriolar Resistance in Man 1

Fowler¹,

Westcott²,

Scott³

et al. 1951

J. Clin. Invest.

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Nor-epinephrine is a sympathomimetic drug similar in structure to epinephrine, but lacking a methyl group on the nitrogen atom contained in the latter compound (1). Its levo-isomer is twice as active as the optically inactive preparation. Some investigators believe that 1-nor-epinephrine is identical with sympathin E (1); others feel that it is more likely that nor-epinephrine is the precursor of epinephrine at adrenergic nerve endings (2, 3). Goldenberg and associates (1) found that in man l-nor-epinephrine increases total peripheral resistance, and in further contrast to epinephrine, does not increase the cardiac output. Goldenberg also (1) found a consistent elevation in pulmonary artery pressure during the infusion of l-nor-epinephrine in man. However, since he did not measure pulmonary venous pressure, one cannot determine from his study the primary site of action of l-nor-epinephrine in producing transient pulmonary hypertension. For these reasons it seemed desirable to investigate further the action of l-nor-epinephrine upon the pulmonary circulation.The purpose of the study reported here is to determine how l-nor-epinephrine produces pulmonary arterial hypertension in man. In man the pulmonary venous pressure may not ordinarily be measured directly. However, Hellems and coworkers (4) have described a method of obtaining pulmonary "capillary" pressure, and have shown that in animals the pulmonary "capillary" pressure varies with the pulmonary venous pressure. If pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary "capillary" pressure and cardiac output are determined simultaneously, the pulmonary arteriolar resistance may be calculated (5 terial constriction, then a rise in pulmonary arteriolar resistance is to be expected during the pulmonary hypertension resulting from its exhibition. MATERIALThirteen subjects were studied. Eleven had normal hearts as shown by physical examination, X-ray, and the electrocardiogram. One (E. B.) was convalescing from beriberi heart disease, with only residual tachycardia. One (C. F.) had a systolic murmur at the cardiac apex and a pulmonary "capillary" pressure tracing suggestive of incompetency of the mitral valve (6). C. F. had also moderate elevation of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure while in the resting state. As controls, six subjects with various types of cardio-pulmonary disease were studied. METHODAll subjects except E. B. were studied in the fasting condition, sedated by 0.1 or 0.2 gm. of seconal given two to two and a half hours prior to study. Cardiac catheterization was performed as described previously (7). A double lumen catheter was used, so that pulmonary "capillary" pressure and pulmonary arterial pressure could be measured simultaneously. Pulmonary "capillary" pressure was obtained by the method of Hellems and co-workers (4). The criteria of satisfactory pulmonary "capillary" pressures were (1) the nature of the pressure curve, showing "a" and "c" waves; (2) the peripheral location of the catheter tip in the lung; and (3) the securing of a specimen of blood satur...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Nor-Epinephrine Upon Pulmonary Arteriolar Resistance in Man 1

Fowler¹,

Westcott²,

Scott³

et al. 1951

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Paredrine raises the venous pressure, apparently by direct constrictor action on the veins (3). During the period of increased venous pressure produced by paredrine in animals in shock, there was no increase in cardiac output.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The aim of the present investigation was to inquire into the benefit or harmfulness of vasoconstriction consequent to pressor therapy by studying the effect of a pressor drug upon the circulation of unanesthetized animals in hemorrhagic shock. Paredrine (p-hydroxy-amethylphenylethylamine hydrobromide) was chosen because of its ability to raise arterial and venous blood pressure solely through vasoconstriction and because of its lack of effect on metabolic activity (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRAUMATIC SHOCK. IX. PRESSOR THERAPY: THE EFFECT OF PAREDRINE (p-Hydroxy-a-Methylphenylethylamine Hydrobromide) ON THE CIRCULATION IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK IN DOGS 12

Frank¹,

Altschule²,

Zamcheck³

1945

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Both adrenaline and noradrenaline cause a rise in peripheral venous pressure (Iglauer and Altschule, 1940;Fowler et al, 1951). The latter authors have also demonstrated that the pulmonary venous pressure and right auricular pressure are increased during infusions of noradrenaline.…”

Section: Effects Of Adrenaline and Noradrenalne On The Centralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noradrenaline, Adrenaline, and the Human Circulation

Swan¹

1952

BMJ

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In recent years there has been considerable interest in -the circulatory action of the neurohormones-, adrenaline and noradrenaline. The effects of these substances in man hTve been extensively investigated, and it seems appropriate to take stock of this recent knowledge, particularly because it is now possible to define with reasonable certainty the function of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the normal working of the body.The humoral concept of transmission of nerve impulses dates from the time of Elliott (1905), who suggested that the sympathetic nerves caused their effects by liberating a chemical transmitter substance at their endings which activated the effector cell. Elliott thought that this transmitter was adrenaline, and, indeed, for a long time no other substance was seriously considered in its place. It is surprising that this should have been so, because Barger and Dale (1910), in their classical paper on the chemical structure and sympathomimetic action of amines, pointed out difficulties in accepting adrenaline as the transmitter of sympathetic nerve impulses. They also stated that the action of certain other amines was more like the action of the sympathetic nerves than was that of adrenaline.The significance of these observations in the past few years has been fully appreciated, for Euler (1946) demonstrated that extracts of organs contained a substance indistinguishable from one of the other amino bases of the catechol group, noradrenaline. This was the most important single observation in support of the theory first put forward by Bacq (1934) that noradrenaline might be the transmitter substance in sympathetic nerves. The immediate task is to describe the action of the two naturally occurring sympathomimetic amines-adrenaline and noradrenaline-in the circulation in man and to define their part in normal and abnormal physiology. Comprehensive reviews covering the chemical and biological action of noradrenaline and adrenaline have recently been published by Euler (1950Euler ( , 1951 and Goldenberg (1951 It is also clear that the effects of adrenaline on the circulation may last for 10 to 30 minutes after an infusion, whereas the effects of noradrenaline persist for a much shorter period. In all these studies, intravenous doses ranging from 2 to 35 ,ug. of adrenaline per minute and from 10 to 35 jig. of noradrenaline per minute were used for periods of 3 to 35 minutes.

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The Effect of Paredrine on the Venous System. 1

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

The Effect of Nor-Epinephrine Upon Pulmonary Arteriolar Resistance in Man 1

The Effect of Nor-Epinephrine Upon Pulmonary Arteriolar Resistance in Man 1

TRAUMATIC SHOCK. IX. PRESSOR THERAPY: THE EFFECT OF PAREDRINE (p-Hydroxy-a-Methylphenylethylamine Hydrobromide) ON THE CIRCULATION IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK IN DOGS 12

Noradrenaline, Adrenaline, and the Human Circulation

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