The Effect of Particle Size on Absorption of Inhaled Lead

Rendall, Roderick E. G.; Baily, Paul; Soskolne, Colin L.

doi:10.1080/0002889758507236

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There was insufficient information to quantify a slower phase as seen in other studies of soluble forms of lead; its presence would give a higher value for s r . The results are consistent with assignment to Type F, to which lead hydroxide is assigned. (e) Lead oxide (PbO and Pb 3 O 4 ) (425) Rendall et al. (1975) measured lead levels in blood (only) of baboons that inhaled red lead oxide (Pb 3 O 4 ) either as a ‘coarse’ (mass median diameter 6 µm) or ‘fine’ (mass median diameter 2 µm) aerosol at similar mass concentrations.…”

Section: Lead (Z = 82)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

Paquet¹,

Bailey²,

Leggett³

et al. 2017

Ann ICRP

236

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The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP, 2007) introduced changes that affect the calculation of effective dose, and implied a revision of the dose coefficients for internal exposure, published previously in the Publication 30 series (ICRP, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1988) and Publication 68 (ICRP, 1994). In addition, new data are now available that support an update of the radionuclide-specific information given in Publications 54 and 78 (ICRP, 1988a, 1997b) for the design of monitoring programmes and retrospective assessment of occupational internal doses. Provision of new biokinetic models, dose coefficients, monitoring methods, and bioassay data was performed by Committee 2, Task Group 21 on Internal Dosimetry, and Task Group 4 on Dose Calculations. A new series, the Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides (OIR) series, will replace the Publication 30 series and Publications 54, 68, and 78. OIR Part 1 has been issued (ICRP, 2015), and describes the assessment of internal occupational exposure to radionuclides, biokinetic and dosimetric models, methods of individual and workplace monitoring, and general aspects of retrospective dose assessment. OIR Part 2 (ICRP, 2016), this current publication and upcoming publications in the OIR series (Parts 4 and 5) provide data on individual elements and their radioisotopes, including information on chemical forms encountered in the workplace; a list of principal radioisotopes and their physical half-lives and decay modes; the parameter values of the reference biokinetic model; and data on monitoring techniques for the radioisotopes encountered most commonly in workplaces. Reviews of data on inhalation, ingestion, and systemic biokinetics are also provided for most of the elements. Dosimetric data provided in the printed publications of the OIR series include tables of committed effective dose per intake (Sv Bq−1 intake) for inhalation and ingestion, tables of committed effective dose per content (Sv Bq−1 measurement) for inhalation, and graphs of retention and excretion data per Bq intake for inhalation. These data are provided for all absorption types and for the most common isotope(s) of each element. The electronic annex that accompanies the OIR series of publications contains a comprehensive set of committed effective and equivalent dose coefficients, committed effective dose per content functions, and reference bioassay functions. Data are provided for inhalation, ingestion, and direct input to blood. This third publication in the series provides the above data for the following elements: ruthenium (Ru), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), iodine (I), caesium (Cs), barium (Ba), iridium (Ir), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), polonium (Po), radon (Rn), radium (Ra), thorium (Th), and uranium (U).

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Section: Lead (Z = 82)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(425) Rendall et al. (1975) measured lead levels in blood (only) of baboons that inhaled red lead oxide (Pb 3 O 4 ) either as a ‘coarse’ (mass median diameter 6 µm) or ‘fine’ (mass median diameter 2 µm) aerosol at similar mass concentrations.…”

Section: Lead (Z = 82)mentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 137: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3

Paquet¹,

Bailey²,

Leggett³

et al. 2017

Ann ICRP

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…L'absorption par voie pulmonaire dépend de la taille des particules [3,10]. Le pourcentage de plomb ainsi absorbé dépend de leur solubilité, et de la fréquence respiratoire [11]. Globalement, on estime qu'environ un tiers du plomb est absorbé par inhalation, l'absorption pouvant atteindre 70 % sous l'effet de la tempéra-ture.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

L’effet du stress oxydant induit par l’acétate de plomb sur le système enzymatique du glutathion chez les rats

2011

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Résumé -Objectif : Ce travail porte sur l'étude de l'effet toxique de l'acétate de plomb sur l'activité du système de défense de glutathion chez les rats. Méthodes : Cette étude a été réalisée sur 40 rats mâles (Albinos wistar) qui ont été répartis en quatre groupes. Pendant une semaine, trois lots de rats ont été traités par une injection intrapéritonéale (ip) par trois doses différentes d'acétate de plomb (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) de poids corporel; un lot témoin a été traité (ip) uniquement par un soluté isotonique de chlorure de sodium. Résultats : L'injection des rats par l'acétate de plomb a provoqué une variation des paramètres biochimiques et biologiques exprimée notamment par une augmentation du rapport hépato-corporel, surtout chez les rats recevant des doses importantes. Les concentrations sériques en glucose, urée, créatinine, acide urique, phosphatases alcalines et amino transferases (ASAT et ALAT) ont augmenté significativement. La concentration des protéines sériques a diminué chez les rats traités par les doses élevées par rapport aux témoins. L'auto-oxydation lipidique exprimée par la concentration de malondialdéhyde (MDA) a également augmenté chez les rats traités. Enfin, les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence le potentiel détoxifiant du système enzymatique de glutathion exprimé par la diminution de la concentration de glutathion tissulaire (GSH) et l'augmentation des activités des enzymes liées au glutathion (glutathion S-transférase, glutathion peroxydase et glutathion réductase) chez tous les lots traités. Conclusion : Au regard des ces résultats, une relation étroite a été signalée entre la diminution de la concentration de GSH tissulaire et l'augmentation des activités de la GST, GPx et GR chez les rats traités par l'acétate de plomb. Ceci explique probablement le rôle du système de glutathion dans la détoxication des métabolites toxiques des polluants et donc la protection de la cellule vivante. Mots clés :Stress oxydant, glutathion, glutathion peroxydase, glutathion réductase, glutathion S-transférase, acétate de plomb Abstract -Objective : This work is mainly devoted to the study of the toxic effect of lead acetate on the activity of the glutathione defense system in rats. Methods: This study was carried out on 40 male rats (Wistar Albino) divided into four groups, three of which were treated with intraperitoneal injection (ip) of three different doses of lead acetate: (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) of body weight; the control group was treated (ip) with physiological water only, for one week. Results: The injection of rats with lead acetate caused a change in the biochemical and biological parameters, indicated particularly by an increase in the hepatosomatic index, especially in rats treated with large doses. Moreover, the serum concentration of glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, alkaline phosphatases and aminotransferases (ASAT and ALAT) increased significantly compared with the control group, whereas the serum protein content decreased significantly in treated rats with high doses compared ...

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