Medical field is continuously evolving, and the current practice is focused on the evidence-based medicine. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the undergraduate research training. Systematic, structured training on research methodology, conducting health research projects, and critical appraisal will equip undergraduate medical students to develop the research and appraisal skills to apply them in their future career. Learning theories explains about how the students receive, process, and retain knowledge, influence of the teacher and learning environment, influence of teaching plan, and peers in their learning process. Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism, and Social cognitive theories are intercalated in health research training especially in the undergraduate programme. The medical educators should accentuate the learning theory underpinning the research training to develop effective strategies and to achieve the intended learning outcomes.