The Effect of Perioperative Music on Medication Requirement and Hospital Length of Stay

Fu, Victor X; Oomens, Pim; Klimek, Markus; Verhofstad, M.H.J.; Jeekel, J.

doi:10.1097/sla.0000000000003506

Cited by 59 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…We did not find the beneficial effect of music on postoperative opioid use described by Fu et al . 17 This can be explained by the small number of studies assessing opioid usage included in our meta-analysis, and the use of standardised postoperative opioid regimens in these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Music intervention to relieve anxiety and pain in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesPrevious studies have reported beneficial effects of perioperative music on patients’ anxiety and pain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials investigating music interventions in cardiac surgery.MethodsFive electronic databases were systematically searched. Primary outcomes were patients’ postoperative anxiety and pain. Secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay, opioid use, vital parameters and time on mechanical ventilation. PRISMA guidelines were followed and PROSPERO database registration was completed (CRD42020149733). A meta-analysis was performed using random effects models and pooled standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.ResultsTwenty studies were included for qualitative analysis (1169 patients) and 16 (987 patients) for meta-analysis. The first postoperative music session was associated with significantly reduced postoperative anxiety (SMD = –0.50 (95% CI –0.67 to –0.32), p<0.01) and pain (SMD = –0.51 (95% CI –0.84 to –0.19), p<0.01). This is equal to a reduction of 4.00 points (95% CI 2.56 to 5.36) and 1.05 points (95% CI 0.67 to 1.41) on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)/Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), respectively, for anxiety, and 1.26 points (95% CI 0.47 to 2.07) on the VAS/NRS for pain. Multiple days of music intervention reduced anxiety until 8 days postoperatively (SMD = –0.39 (95% CI –0.64 to –0.15), p<0.01).ConclusionsOffering recorded music is associated with a significant reduction in postoperative anxiety and pain in cardiac surgery. Unlike pharmacological interventions, music is without side effects so is promising in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Music intervention to relieve anxiety and pain in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…39 Therefore, it seems that not all increases in noise levels equal negative effects. Several recent extensive meta-analyses have observed beneficial effects of perioperative music on postoperative pain, 12 intraoperative sedative medication requirement, 13 postoperative opioid requirement, 13 and the physiological stress response to surgery in adult surgical patients. 14 Moreover, music reduced mental workload in novice laparoscopists and improved laparoscopic task performance in the simulated setting depending on task demand as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides potential negative health effects on members of the surgical team, high noise levels can also increase stress, impair communication, reduce concentration, and affect performance. 2 Although beneficial effects of music regarding patient outcome, patient satisfaction, and surgical performance have extensively been investigated, [12][13][14][15] the subjective perception by OR staff regarding music in the OR has not. Therefore, the attitude of OR staff, including surgeons, anesthesiologists, and nurses will be evaluated as well, taking aforementioned domains into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Perception and Attitude Toward Noise and Music in the Operating Room: A Systematic Review

Oomens

Merkus

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Research

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Background: Environmental noise pollution is regarded as a general stressor. Noise levels frequently exceed recommended noise levels by the World Health Organization in hospitals, especially in the operation room. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of noise pollution on patient outcome and performance by operation room staff. In addition, the perception and attitude toward playing music in the operation room, which can increase noise levels, were assessed as well. Materials and methods: A systematic literature search of the databases Embase, Medline Ovid, and Cochrane from date of database inception until October 16 th , 2020 using the exhaustive literature search method was performed. Prospective studies evaluating the effect of noise on the patient, surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, and other operation room staff, or perception and attitude toward playing music in the operation room, were included. This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (ID: 208282). Results: The literature search generated 4758 articles, and 22 prospective studies (3507 participants) were included. Three of the four studies that investigated the effect of noise on patient outcome reported a significant reduction of complication rate in surgical patients, when noise levels were lower. Six studies assessed the effect of noise in the operation room on the staff (1383 participants). Over half of the surveyed staff found noise levels to be a disturbing stressor and negatively impact performance. Although music increased decibel levels in the operation room, most surveyed staff was positively predisposed toward playing music during surgery, believing it to improve both individual and team performance. In general, music was not considered to be distracting or impairing communication. Conclusions: Higher noise levels seem to have a negative effect on patient outcome and adversely affect performance by members in the operation room. Further research is needed to assess whether this knowledge can benefit patient outcome and surgical performance. Notably, attitude of surgical team members toward music during surgery is generally regarded favorable.

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“…Worldwide, music is commonly played during surgery [1]. Perioperative music has been extensively investigated in adult surgical patients with several beneficial effects [2][3][4]. However, no definitive conclusion on the effect of music on surgical task performance can currently be drawn due to conflicting study results, inconsistent data reporting methods, and varying study designs in previously published studies [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of preferred music on mental workload and laparoscopic surgical performance in a simulated setting (OPTIMISE): a randomized controlled crossover study

Oomens

Kleinrensink

et al. 2020

Surg Endosc

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Background Worldwide, music is commonly played in the operation room. The effect of music on surgical performance reportedly has varying results, while its effect on mental workload and key surgical stressor domains has only sparingly been investigated. Therefore, the aim is to assess the effect of recorded preferred music versus operating room noise on laparoscopic task performance and mental workload in a simulated setting. Methods A four-sequence, four-period, two-treatment, randomized controlled crossover study design was used. Medical students, novices to laparoscopy, were eligible for inclusion. Participants were randomly allocated to one of four sequences, which decided the exposure order to music and operation room noise during the four periods. Laparoscopic task performance was assessed through motion analysis with a laparoscopic box simulator. Each period consisted of ten alternating peg transfer tasks. To account for the learning curve, a preparation phase was employed. Mental workload was assessed using the Surgery Task Load Index. This study was registered with the Netherlands Trial Register (NL7961). Results From October 29, 2019 until March 12, 2020, 107 participants completed the study, with 97 included for analyzation. Laparoscopic task performance increased significantly during the preparation phase. No significant beneficial effect of music versus operating room noise was observed on time to task completion, path length, speed, or motion smoothness. Music significantly decreased mental workload, reflected by a lower score of the total weighted Surgery Task Load Index in all but one of the six workload dimensions. Conclusion Music significantly reduced mental workload overall and of several previously identified key surgical stressor domains, and its use in the operating room is reportedly viewed favorably. Music did not significantly improve laparoscopic task performance of novice laparoscopists in a simulated setting. Although varying results have been reported previously, it seems that surgical experience and task demand are more determinative.

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The Effect of Perioperative Music on Medication Requirement and Hospital Length of Stay

Cited by 59 publications

References 77 publications

Music intervention to relieve anxiety and pain in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Music intervention to relieve anxiety and pain in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Perception and Attitude Toward Noise and Music in the Operating Room: A Systematic Review

The effect of preferred music on mental workload and laparoscopic surgical performance in a simulated setting (OPTIMISE): a randomized controlled crossover study

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