The effect of pH on the electrochemical over-oxidation in PEDOT:PSS films

Tehrani, Payman; Kanciurzewska, Anna; Crispin, Xavier; Robinson, Nathaniel D.; Fahlman, Mats; Berggren, Magnus

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2006.10.008

Cited by 139 publications

(115 citation statements)

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“…47,48 The mechanism causing the conductivity decrease was showed to be associated to the cleavage of the conjugation pathway, accompanied by the formation of sulfone, carbonyl, and carboxylic groups in some specific positions of the thiophene rings. 45 Even though high voltages are generally required, it was also demonstrated that the over-oxidation potential decreases at high pH. On the basis of all these results, we formulate our hypothesis of an over-oxidation process occurring when PEDOT:PSS is directly interfaced with PPC slime mould and appropriately biased.…”

Section: -26mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Irreversible conductivity switches due to over-oxidative mechanisms have been already described in literature for the specific case of PEDOT:PSS. 45, 46 Berggren's group has demonstrated that over-oxidation of PEDOT:PSS, upon exposure to large anodic potentials, can be exploited for subtractive patterning in the fabrication of ion pumps, where specific areas of the polymer can be made selectively non-conductive, in order to develop electrically insulating-ionically conducting channels. Such mechanism is related to cationic species, in particular divalent cations, present in the electrolyte, which greatly contribute to the abatement of the polymer conductivity.…”

Section: -26mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A bio-inspired memory device based on interfacing Physarum polycephalum with an organic semiconductor

et al. 2014

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The development of devices able to detect and record ion fluxes is a crucial point in order to understand the mechanisms that regulate communication and life of organisms. Here, we take advantage of the combined electronic and ionic conduction properties of a conducting polymer to develop a hybrid organic/living device with a three-terminal configuration, using the Physarum polycephalum Cell (PPC) slime mould as a living bio-electrolyte. An over-oxidation process induces a conductivity switch in the polymer, due to the ionic flux taking place at the PPC/polymer interface. This behaviour endows a current-depending memory effect to the device.

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Section: -26mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: -26mentioning

confidence: 99%

A bio-inspired memory device based on interfacing Physarum polycephalum with an organic semiconductor

et al. 2014

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“…Interestingly, the use of AC currents at high frequency (410 kHz) can easily bypass these undesirable conditions even for potentials up to 5 V 55 . Nonetheless, it is well known that the irreversible electrochemical oxidation of PEDOT:PSS-conjugated polymer leads to structural changes of the polymer backbone and loss in its conductivity 58 . Figure 4b shows the variation of the maximum transconductance value of the OECT (g m = ΔI D /ΔV G ) when sequentially stepping the potential from 0 to 3.4 V at 40 kHz for 30 s each time, using the electrical configuration and the wave , the cutoff frequency increases (orange line) due to loss of cells from the active area of the device.…”

Section: Electrical Wound Healing and Microfluidics Toxicity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

et al. 2017

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Future drug discovery and toxicology testing could benefit significantly from more predictive and multi-parametric readouts from in vitro models. Despite the recent advances in the field of microfluidics, and more recently organ-on-a-chip technology, there is still a high demand for real-time monitoring systems that can be readily embedded with microfluidics. In addition, multi-parametric monitoring is essential to improve the predictive quality of the data used to inform clinical studies that follow. Here we present a microfluidic platform integrated with in-line electronic sensors based on the organic electrochemical transistor. Our goals are twofold, first to generate a platform to host cells in a more physiologically relevant environment (using physiologically relevant fluid shear stress (FSS)) and second to show efficient integration of multiple different methods for assessing cell morphology, differentiation, and integrity. These include optical imaging, impedance monitoring, metabolite sensing, and a wound-healing assay. We illustrate the versatility of this multi-parametric monitoring in giving us increased confidence to validate the improved differentiation of cells toward a physiological profile under FSS, thus yielding more accurate data when used to assess the effect of drugs or toxins. Overall, this platform will enable high-content screening for in vitro drug discovery and toxicology testing and bridges the existing gap in the integration of in-line sensors in microfluidic devices.

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“…Let us see the PEDOT case. It is known that PEDOT is also used for the HTL in OLED, because it has a high transmission in the visible region, good thermal stability and high conductivity [9][10]. To enhance the interface contact between ITO and PEDOT, TiO 2 nanoparticles were embedded into PEDOT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of nanostructured composite films for organic light emitting diodes

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et al. 2009

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The effect of pH on the electrochemical over-oxidation in PEDOT:PSS films

Cited by 139 publications

References 26 publications

A bio-inspired memory device based on interfacing Physarum polycephalum with an organic semiconductor

A bio-inspired memory device based on interfacing Physarum polycephalum with an organic semiconductor

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

Preparation and characterization of nanostructured composite films for organic light emitting diodes

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