The Effect of Physical Readiness Training on Reserve Officers' Training Corps Freshmen Cadets

Oliver, Jonathan M.; Stone, Jason D.; Holt, Chris; Jenke, S; Jagim, Andrew R.; Jones, Margaret

doi:10.7205/milmed-d-17-00079

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These findings may be a result of the required PT improving the PFA scores and overall fitness of the freshmen to the PFA and fitness levels of their fellow upperclassmen cadets. Recently, Oliver et al [14] investigated the effects of PT in freshman U.S. Army ROTC cadets throughout the 9-month academic year. Their results indicated that PT is effective in improving the fitness level of freshman cadets when implementing the Army PFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, clinical assessments of physical fitness may possess a higher degree of reliability and validity in comparison to field-based measurements [17]. While previous studies by Thomas et al [5] and Oliver et al [14] implemented both field-based (U.S. Army physical readiness test) and clinical assessments (VO 2max , 1-repetition maximum bench press, vertical jump, body fat percentage) in their studies with U.S. Army ROTC cadets, these measures served as more of a physical fitness profile regarding the cadets’ status in training than an evaluation of the validity of the field-based assessments. Future research with ROTC cadets or tactical athletes (active duty military members, firefighters, or police officers) may consider incorporating more clinical assessments in addition to field-based assessments to provide a better understanding of the individuals’ physical performance characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force reserve officers’ training corps physical fitness assessment

Mackey

DeFreitas

2019

Military Med Res

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Background The U.S. Air Force physical fitness assessment (PFA) is used to determine the overall fitness of their personnel. It is currently unknown to what extent the PFA scores of Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets are affected by mandatory physical training. The purpose of this investigation was to longitudinally examine the PFAs of ROTC cadets over a four-year period, evaluate the results across class ranks, and evaluate the sensitivity of the classification of the tests. Methods Air Force ROTC cadets performed the PFAs (abdominal circumference, 1-min pushups, 1-min sit-ups, and a 1.5-mile run) in both the spring (n = 26) and fall (n = 22) semesters. PFAs were compiled over a four-year period (Spring 2014 – Fall 2017) and were performed in accordance with Air Force Instruction 36–2905. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was performed separately for the fall and spring groups for each dependent variable across the 4 years. Additionally, a one-way between groups ANOVA was performed for each dependent variable during the time point (fall 2015; N = 46) with the most recorded cadets for each class rank. Results Longitudinal assessments revealed a main effect of time (P = 0.010) on abdominal circumference; cadets had a smaller abdominal circumference in their freshman year than in their senior year. A main effect of time (P = 0.006) was also observed on sit-up quantity; cadets performed more sit-ups in their junior year than in their freshman year. Examining between class ranks during the same year (between-subjects ANOVA) revealed a main effect of class rank on sit-up quantity (P = 0.003); the freshmen completed fewer repetitions than the sophomores (P = 0.018) and the juniors did (P = 0.001). Conclusion The results indicated that only the sit-up component showed differences between class ranks. These findings suggest that the Air Force PFA may not be sensitive enough to detect changes in physical fitness or distinguish between class ranks regarding physical performance, even after years of training. This limitation may be in part due to the limited duration of training incorporated by the ROTC program (2 h per week), which provided a maintenance effect rather than improvement in physical performance. We recommend that more attention be directed to the efficacy of physical training, the sensitivity of measures included in the PFA, or both.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force reserve officers’ training corps physical fitness assessment

Mackey

DeFreitas

2019

Military Med Res

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“…Numerous works indicate that the structure of the body, mainly the distribution of adipose tissue, especially the abdominal one, may be associated with the inclination to the incidence of numerous civilization diseases (Ward et al 2015). It is evident that the composition of the body is a high-lability parameter, depends on sex, but also changes with age, diet, and lifestyle as well as physical activity (Hughes et al 2002;Oliver et al 2017;Wood et al 2017). Therefore, the work tries to evaluate the relationship of body composition as a very variable factor with the quotient of the 2 nd and 4 th fingers length as a trait stabilized in the early stages of fetal development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in relationship between body composition and digit length ratio (2D:4D) in students of military courses

Kociuba

Ignasiak

Sebastjan

et al. 2018

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It is believed that the second to fourth finger length ratio is an indirect indicator of fetal testosterone levels. It is pointed out that there is a relationship between the 2nd to 4th finger length ratio and the body structure in women and men. Studies on the relationship between body composition and 2D:4D finger length among military students have not been carried out so far. The work aims to determine the dependence of body composition and the quotient of the 2nd and 4th fingers length of military students. The research material has been gathered as a result of examinations of women and men studying military subjects. The study involved 55 women and 65 men. The tests included anthropometric measurements (body height, body weight, length of the second and the fourth fingers) and body composition measurements. As a result of the tests, no dimorphic differentiations in the digit length ratio (2D:4D) was indicated. The BMI, muscle mass, lean body mass and water in the body demonstrated higher values in men than in women. However, the fat content in men was low. It was found that the relationship exists between muscle mass, lean mass and total water content in the body and the 2D:4D finger length ratio in the left hand in women. A higher level of fetal testosterone, characterized by lower values of the 2nd to 4th finger length ratio, may be associated with a higher content of muscle mass, lean body mass and water in the body of adult women leading a similar lifestyle.

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“…Об'єктивною основою цього є перенесення на боєздатність фізичних якостей, рухових навичок, біологічних властивостей організму, особливостей психіки та свідомості військовослужбовців, сформованих у процесі фізичної підготовки. Військовослужбовці з високим рівнем розвитку фізичних якостей в умовах бойових дій переважають за різними показниками військово-професійної діяльності військовослужбовців, у яких рівень цих якостей нижчий [7,9]. Завдяки високому рівню фізичної підготовленості військовослужбовці здатні долати значні фізичні, психічні навантаження, зберігати високий рівень працездатності та стресостійкості, протистояти негативним чинникам бойової діяльності та швидше відновлювати рівень боєздатності.…”

Section: науковий часопис нпу імені мп драгоманова Scientific Journal National Pedagogical Dragomanov University випуск 1 (121) 2020unclassified

Health improving of female military personnel by means of kettlebell lifting

Suspo¹,

Михальчук²,

Prontenko³

et al. 2020

PCS

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The article investigates the influence of kettlebell lifting on the level of women’s health during training in a higher military educational institution. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the number of girls wishing to enter the higher military educational institutions. At the same time, girls’ health levels are insufficient to master military specialties. This makes it important to find effective ways to improve their health during study. The study involved female cadets of 1–2 courses (n=47) of P. Koroliov Zhytomyr Military Institute. Two groups were formed: the experimental (EG, n=21), whose women were engaged in kettlebell lifting training, and the control (CG, n=26), whose women were engaged in the current physical training system. The health study was carried out according to the methodology of Professor G. L. Apanasenko, which is based on anthropometry and the state of the cardiovascular system. The methodology consisted in determining the amount of points for each of the 5 indicators: body mass index, vital capacity index, power index, Robinson index, heart rate recovery time. It was found that the level of physical health in women who were engaged in kettlebell lifting training was significantly higher at the end of the study than in women who were engaged in the current physical training system. The most pronounced effect of kettlebell lifting was found on the functionality of the cardiorespiratory system, power qualities and stabilization of body weight in EG female cadets. The results of the conducted researches testify to the rather high efficiency of kettlebell lifting in promotion of health of female military personnel during training in higher education institutions. The level of health formed in the first and second years of study will increase the body’s resistance to unfavorable factors of educational activity, improve the efficiency of the performance of duties and the development of military- applied skills in female cadets during senior courses of education.

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The Effect of Physical Readiness Training on Reserve Officers' Training Corps Freshmen Cadets

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force reserve officers’ training corps physical fitness assessment

A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force reserve officers’ training corps physical fitness assessment

Sex differences in relationship between body composition and digit length ratio (2D:4D) in students of military courses

Health improving of female military personnel by means of kettlebell lifting

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