The effect of physical training on insulin production in obesity

Björntorp, Per; Jounge, Kristina de; Sjöström, Lars; Sullivan, L

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(70)90020-x

Cited by 277 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Both normal control subjects and patients with type II diabetes have been shown to have a 30-35% increase in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal after physical training when studied by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique (7,76,77). This increase in insulin sensitivity correlates well with the training-induced increase in Vo 2max (8,78,79) and is thought to be primarily due to increased glucose uptake by muscle because no changes have been observed in hepatic glucose production rates.…”

Section: Exercise In Type II Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to lowering blood glucose (4,5) and increasing insulin sensitivity (6)(7)(8), regular exercise improves several of the recognized risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Both low-density and very-low-density lipoprotein concentrations in serum decrease with physical training (9,10), whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increases (11)(12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role and Management of Exercise in Diabetes Mellitus

Horton

1988

Diabetes Care

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As more is understood about the physiology of exercise, in both normal and diabetic subjects, its role in the treatment of diabetes is becoming better defined. Whereas people with diabetes may derive many benefits from regular physical exercise, there are also several hazards that make exercise difficult to manage. In type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes, there are risks of hypoglycemia during or after exercise or of worsening metabolic control if insulin deficiency is present. Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients treated with sulfonylureas are also at some increased risk of developing hypoglycemia during or after exercise, although this poses less of a problem than with insulin treatment. In individuals treated by diet alone, regulation of blood glucose during exercise is usually not a significant problem and exercise can be used as an adjunct to diet to achieve weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity. When obese type II diabetic patients are treated with very low calorie diets, adequate amounts of carbohydrate must be provided to ensure maintenance of normal muscle glycogen content, particularly if individuals wish to participate in highintensity exercise that places a heavy workload on specific muscle groups. On the other hand, moderateintensity exercise such as vigorous walking can be tolerated by individuals on very low calorie, carbohydrate-restricted diets after an appropriate period of adaptation. A number of strategies can be employed to avoid hypoglycemia in type I diabetic patients, and both type I and II diabetic patients should be examined carefully for long-term complications of their disease, which may be made worse by exercise. These considerations have led many diabetologists to consider exercise beneficial in the management of diabetes for

show abstract

Section: Exercise In Type II Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role and Management of Exercise in Diabetes Mellitus

Horton

1988

Diabetes Care

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Physical training has mostly been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in healthy humans regardless of age [82,[98][99][100][101], in obese non-diabetic subjects [102,103], in both patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and NIDDM [104][105][106][107]. Regular exercise is also beneficial in older subjects and improves insulin sensitivity even to levels typical of younger individuals, independent of changes in weight and body composition [99][100][101].…”

Section: Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and the metabolic syndrome

1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the first people to introduce the metabolic syndrome -or trisyndrome mé tabolique -in the scientific literature was Camus in 1966 [1]. However, this entity did not receive much interest until Reaven in 1988 introduced syndrome X, characterised by hypertension, impairment in glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance [2]. The metabolic syndrome -also called the insulin resistance syndrome -is a multifaceted syndrome characterised by five major abnormalities: obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance (impaired glucose tolerance/non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)), and dyslipidaemia (hypertriglyceridaemia and low HDL-cholesterol). In addition, a number of other abnormalities such as microalbuminuria, hyperuricaemia, hyperfibrinogenaemia and increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor I and low concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator are often associated with the syndrome. The clinical importance of the metabolic syndrome is mainly due to the clustering of simultaneously occurring atherosclerotic risk factors in the same individual [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].The aetiology of the metabolic syndrome is poorly understood; both genetic and environmental factors are involved [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Possible common denominators for the various components of the syndrome are not known, although hyperinsulinaemia/insulin resistance are important characteristics in most of the abnormalities.The prevalence rate of the metabolic syndrome varies depending on the population studied and the definition applied. As in any syndrome, not all features are present in the same individual. The estimated prevalence rate of the metabolic syndrome in western countries is 25-35 % [2-9]. On the other hand, both Ferrannini and Rupp [8, 9] have reported that only about one-third of an adult study population was free of all major characteristics of the metabolic syndrome. Since the prevalence of hypertension, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance usually increase with increasing age, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome will probably also rise in the aging western society.A number of pharmacological therapies can be used for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome; but the results of most of the available therapies are often unsatisfactory, although some trials with metformin and thiazolidinediones have been encouraging [6, 10, 11].Low levels of physical activity are related to most components of the metabolic syndrome [12][13][14][15][16]. Consequently this offers a unique opportunity to employ increased physical activity in the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome and its components. This review will focus on the role of physical activity and exercise in the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. ObesityThe prevalence of obesity (body mass index (BMI) > 27 kg/m 2 ) is currently 25-35 % in most western societies, and is increasing [17]. If the prevalence continues to increase, as during the past decades, by the year 2230, 100 % of the adult Uni...

show abstract

“…They had demonstrated that a period of physical training for overweight middle-aged persons could strikingly reduce the concentration of insulin relative to glucose even though there was no measurable change in total body fat. 32 More recently, they have studied the effect of physical training in a group of obese women who were also hypertensive. 31 There was a substantial decrease in blood pressure in all, and this was correlated not with change in body fat or initial blood pressure, but with the degree of reduction of the elevated serum insulin and also with reduction of serum triglycerides.…”

Section: -45mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of hypertension in the overweight.

Sims¹

1982

Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of physical training on insulin production in obesity

Cited by 277 publications

References 14 publications

Role and Management of Exercise in Diabetes Mellitus

Role and Management of Exercise in Diabetes Mellitus

Exercise and the metabolic syndrome

Mechanisms of hypertension in the overweight.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About