The effect of pre- and postweaning exposure to soybean meal on growth performance and on the immune response in the early-weaned pig2

Friesen, K.G.; Goodband, Robert D.; Nelssen, Jim L.; Blecha, Frank; Reddy, D. Nageshwar; Reddy, P.G.; Kats, L.J.

doi:10.2527/1993.7182089x

Cited by 58 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…In the present work, from 0 to 3 days pi, SE and SH groups had low villus height:crypt depth ratios when compared to the control group, possibly because of SE and SH damage caused to the Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Enteritidis following broiler chick inoculation intestinal mucosa. Reductions in the villi height:crypt depth ratios can occur due to intestinal pathogen infection and are seen under other certain conditions in poultry, including after feed withdrawal (25) and in response to some feed additives that are used during growout (12,8,21). These changes have been attributed to reduced cell migration and proliferation rates, along with increased rates of cell loss and programmed cell death (7).…”

Section: Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Heidelbergmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Salmonella heidelberg and Salmonella enteritidis strains following broiler chick inoculation: evaluation of cecal morphometry, liver and cecum bacterial counts and fecal excretion patterns

Borsoi¹,

Santos²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Over the years, Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) has gained prominence in North America poultry production and in the poultry production of other countries. Salmonella Heidelberg has been isolated and reported from poultry and poultry products in Brazil since 1962, whereas Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) has only emerged as a serious problem in poultry and public health since 1993. These strains of Salmonella can cause intestinal problems in newly hatched chicks, and infection may persist until adulthood. Upon slaughter of chickens, Salmonella can contaminate carcasses, a condition that poses a threat to human health. The aim of this study was to compare the fecal excretion of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Heidelberg in newly hatched chicks (orally inoculated with 10 5 ufc/mL each) until 20 days of age. In addition, the ratio of cecal villus height:crypt depth (morphometry) and liver and cecum cell counts was analyzed in chicks ranging from 0 to 3 days of age and infected with these two Salmonella strains. One hundred seventeen chicks were separated into one of three experimental groups: a control group, an SEinfected group and an SH-infected group. Eight chicks per group were euthanized at 6, 12 and 72 hours post-inoculation (pi) to allow for Salmonella isolation from the liver and cecum and for the collection of the cecum for villi and crypt analysis. Other birds were allowed to mature to 20 days of age and cloacal swabs were taken at 2, 6, 13 and 20 days pi to compare the fecal excretion of inoculated strains. TheSalmonella Enteritidis group had a higher number of cells excreted during the trial. Both strains were isolated from the liver and cecum by 6h pi. At 12h pi the Salmonella Heidelberg group had high cell counts in the cecum. No difference was found in liver cell counts. Both strains showed lower villus height:crypt depth ratio than the control group post-infection.

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Section: Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Heidelbergmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Salmonella heidelberg and Salmonella enteritidis strains following broiler chick inoculation: evaluation of cecal morphometry, liver and cecum bacterial counts and fecal excretion patterns

Borsoi¹,

Santos²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…Antibiotics were not used in any of the diets offered. The SBM diet contained 20% soybean meal (Friesen et al, 1993). In the SM diet, adequate sesame meal was added to ensure a protein level equal to that in the SBM diet.…”

Section: Ingredients and Chemical Composition Of Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphophysiological Adaptations of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Piglets Fed a Sesame Meal or Soybean Meal Diet

Barreyro¹

2014

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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An important indicator to recommend a protein source for piglet nutrition is the absence of intestinal damage. The effects of sesame or soybean meal based diets on Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) morphophysiology, diarrhea incidence and severity in piglets were studied during the first two weeks postweaning. Thirty-six piglets weaned at 21 days of age were fed one of three diets: A control casein diet (C), a Sesame Meal diet (SM), or a Soybean Meal Diet (SBM). Diarrhea incidence and fecal score were determined once daily over a 14-day period. After 14 days, 3 piglets in each experimental group were fasted 12 h, fed for 1 hour and then slaughtered at 3, 6, 9 and 12 h after feeding, at which times relative GIT weights (g·kg −1 ), intestinal morphology, digesta pH, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were evaluated.Stomach and small intestine weight were higher (p<0.05) in piglets fed SBM and SM than in piglets fed C. The gastric pH was higher in piglets fed C and SM and lower in piglets fed SBM (p<0.05). The pH of the different segments of the GIT was not affected (p>0.05) by dietary protein source. The specific activity of chymotrypsin was higher (p<0.05) in animals fed C than in those fed SM and SBM and did not vary with after feeding time (p>0.05). Trypsin activity was higher (p<0.05) in piglets fed SBM than those fed C and SM. The dietary protein source had no impact (p<0.05) on villus height or duodenal and ileal crypt depth. Jejunal villi in piglets fed SBM were shorter (p<0.05) than in piglets fed C and SM. Dietary treatment had no effect on diarrhea incidence and severity. These findings show that sesame meal can replace soybean meal as a protein source in starter diets for weaned piglets.

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“…The origin of the protein in diets fed to weanling pigs is also important as excessive levels of soy proteins may cause allergenic reactions (Li et al 1990;Friesen et al 1993). Use of animal proteins during the immediate post-weaning period is, therefore, widely recommended.…”

Section: Use Of Low-protein Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs

Kil¹,

Stein²

2010

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2010. Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 447Á460. A review of the literature was conducted with the objective of identifying management and feeding strategies for weanling pigs that are effective in reducing the negative impacts of discontinued use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in diets fed to weanling pigs. If no AGP are used, dietary crude protein concentrations should be reduced to less than 18% in diets fed to pigs during the immediate post-weaning period. Diets should be fed in a liquid form if possible, preferably as fermented liquid feed. Feed intake should be restricted to 75% of ad libitum intake during the initial 2 wk post-weaning to reduce the amount of substrates available to pathogens in the hind gut. The profit from pig production will be maximized if pigs are weaned between 21 and 28 d of age. All-in all-out production should be practiced and pigs should always be weaned into an empty, clean, and disinfected room, preferably at a location separated from the sow farm. Disease pressure and mortality do not necessarily have to increase if no AGP are used, but profits will likely be reduced because costs of preventing diseases in pigs fed diets containing no AGP often are greater than the cost of AGP.

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The effect of pre- and postweaning exposure to soybean meal on growth performance and on the immune response in the early-weaned pig2

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Behavior of Salmonella heidelberg and Salmonella enteritidis strains following broiler chick inoculation: evaluation of cecal morphometry, liver and cecum bacterial counts and fecal excretion patterns

Behavior of Salmonella heidelberg and Salmonella enteritidis strains following broiler chick inoculation: evaluation of cecal morphometry, liver and cecum bacterial counts and fecal excretion patterns

Morphophysiological Adaptations of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Piglets Fed a Sesame Meal or Soybean Meal Diet

Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs

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