The Effect of Premenstrual Syndrome and Menstrual Phase on Postoperative Pain

Arab, Mohammad; Mirkheshti, Alireza; Noghabaei, Giti; Ashori, Adeleh; Ghasemi, Tahereh; Hosseini-Zijoud, Seyed Mostafa

doi:10.5812/aapm.19333

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The effects of female sex hormones on pain perceptions have been documented and debated for nearly two decades (Wise et al, 2000;Berger et al, 2015;Frolich et al, 2016). Some studies argued that lower estrogen levels are associated with higher pain levels (Arab et al, 2015;de Kruijf et al, 2016), while others found the reverse association (Ring et al, 2009;Ahmed et al, 2012). This inconsistency may be attributed to different modalities and chronicity of pain that were investigated in different studies (Teepker et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been well documented that female sex hormones increase from follicular phase to luteal phase (Ring et al , ). Abundant well‐grounded studies revealed that pain perceptions differed in different menstrual phases (Teepker et al , ; Ahmed et al , ; Arab et al , ). This provides the rationale of arranging female patients to receive orthodontic treatments in a particular phase (follicular phase or luteal phase).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of menstrual phase on orthodontic pain following initial archwire engagement

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of menstrual phase on orthodontic pain following initial archwire engagement

et al. 2017

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“…Several studies have been conducted on this topic. [ 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 ] The parameters tested included experimental pain sensitivity, cold pressor, heat and ischaemic pain perception, test pain intensity suppression, pain inhibition during conditional pain modulation, injection pain and post-operative pain scores [ Table 1 ]. The results of these studies were variable and not very conclusive; nevertheless, many studies showed lowered pain perception in the FP and increased pain perception perimenstrually.…”

Section: Research Studies On the Influence Of Various Menstrual Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Does the phase of the menstrual cycle really matter to anaesthesia?

Kurdi

Ramaswamy

2018

Indian J Anaesth

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The menstrual cycle is a physiological phenomenon that is accompanied by several hormonal fluctuations involving oestrogen and progesterone. Oestrogen and progesterone exert several physiological effects. There are many questions pertaining to the influence of the physiology of menstruation on anaesthesia. We attempted to find out whether the phase of the menstrual cycle can alter the physiological functions during anaesthesia, the perioperative management and outcomes. We performed a literature search in Google Scholar, PubMed and Cochrane databases for original and reviewed articles on the phases of the menstrual cycle and their relation to anaesthesia-related physiological parameters to find an answer to these questions. Many studies have shown that women, perimenstrually, may have increased pain perception, exacerbation of systemic diseases, vocal cord/peripheral oedema and post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Some of the other notable findings in most studies were sleep disturbances in the luteal phase (LP), increased occurrence of PONV in the ovulatory phase and a lower requirement of intravenous sedative and anaesthetic drug requirements in the LP. We found contradictory results concerning pain perception and PONV in relation to the follicular and LPs. However, we found that literature regarding the phase of the menstrual cycle and the haemodynamic response to intubation, anaesthesia-induced hypnosis and perioperative blood loss is relatively scarce. Thus, there is a need to conduct good quality research on these topics.

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“…However, not all studies show the presence of increased pain perception during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. For instance, one study conducted on 140 women, either positive or negative for premenstrual syndrome (PMS), who underwent gynecological surgery reported reduced postoperative pain with reduced analgesic requirements in women in the luteal phase, but just in the group with no history of PMS . This could suggest that PMS, frequently ignored in the clinical studies, may be responsible for the inconsistencies observed in the literature on the influence of menstrual phase on pain perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Menstrual Cycle Phase on Pain Perception and Analgesic Requirements in Young Women Undergoing Gynecological Laparoscopy

et al. 2018

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Context The influence of the gonadal hormones on some aspects of the human physiology has been studied with uncertain results. Still a confusion exists in relation to the real effects of the female hormones on the perception of pain. The existing data refer mainly to experimental studies and have provided results not always useful in the clinical practice. Data source This study was designed to detect whether there are differences in the perception of the postoperative pain in women, during two clearly defined phases of hormonal asset: luteal and follicular phases. Conclusion The results of this study have demonstrated that in postoperative female patients pain is perceived significantly more in the luteal phase of the menstrual period, than in the follicular phase. This could suggest that female in child‐bearing age should be scheduled for elective surgery preferentially during the follicular phase, unless differently necessary. It would guarantee a more comfortable postoperative period, with reduced necessity of analgesics.

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The Effect of Premenstrual Syndrome and Menstrual Phase on Postoperative Pain

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

The effects of menstrual phase on orthodontic pain following initial archwire engagement

The effects of menstrual phase on orthodontic pain following initial archwire engagement

Does the phase of the menstrual cycle really matter to anaesthesia?

Influence of the Menstrual Cycle Phase on Pain Perception and Analgesic Requirements in Young Women Undergoing Gynecological Laparoscopy

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