The effect of prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz electromagnetic field on calcineurin and bone development in rats

Erkut, Adem; Tümkaya, Levent; Balık, Mehmet Sabri; Kalkan, Yıldıray; Güvercin, Yılmaz; Yılmaz, Adnan; Yüce, Süleyman; Cüre, Erkan; Şehitoğlu, İbrahim

doi:10.1590/s0102-865020160020000001

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Humans are exposed to the EMFs generated by such devices as industrial and household electrical supplies and electronic goods. 2 There are conflicting results regarding detrimental effects of EMFs on abortion and embryo development in human [22][23][24][25][26] and animals, 12,13,17 that show the requirement for further studies. In the current study, we showed that the histology and expression of the osteocalcin and RUNX2 gene of mice forelimb were negatively impacted by prenatal exposure of 2.4 GHz radio frequency, whereas no teratogen effect was observed macroscopically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erkut et al, in line with our results, described the reduced amount of cartilage, the reduced calcineurin activities, and also the increased number of apoptotic chondrocytes and myocytes in both bone and muscle tissues following prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz EMFs indicating its negative effects on bone and muscle tissue development. 12 One of the key transcription factors for differentiation of osteoblast and bone formation is runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). 32 Osteocalcin is a bonespecific protein considered as a marker for the bone formation process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animal experiments, there are some studies reporting detrimental effects of gestational exposure of high magnetic fields on testis, 7,8 kidney, 9 ovary, 10 heart, 11 bone and muscle tissue 12 as well as teratogenic and behavioral effects on embryos, [13][14][15][16][17] although there are documents reporting no adverse effect of prenatal exposure of high magnetic fields on embryos. 18,19 Our surveys on available sources revealed that there is still a paucity of molecular studies regarding forelimb development following prenatal exposure of 2.4 GHz EMFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Prenatal Exposure to 2.4 GHz Radio Frequency on the Histology and Expression of the osteocalcin and RUNX2 Gene of the Forelimb in an NMRI Mouse

et al. 2019

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Please cite this article as follows: Amandokht Saghezchi S, Azad N, Heidari R, Jajarmi V, Abdi S, Abaszadeh HA, et al. The effect of prenatal exposure to 2.4 GHz radio frequency on the histology and expression of the osteocalcin and RUNX2 gene of the forelimb in an NMRI mouse. AbstractIntroduction: Today the use of electromagnetic waves has dramatically increased in modern industrial societies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of prenatal exposure to 2.4 GHz wireless frequency on forelimb development in an NMRI mouse in vivo. Methods: A total of 21 female mice weighing 25-30 g were included in the present study. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups, namely control (n=7), sham (n=7), and experimental (n=7). After mating, the experimental group was exposed to 2.4 GHz radio frequency at a distance of 20-30 cm from the device, 4 h/d until the delivery. The sham group was placed at a distance of 20-30 cm from the device every day without exposure to electromagnetic waves, and the control group had a pregnancy period without any stress and electromagnetic wave exposure. After giving birth, the forelimbs were isolated from the infants and examined by stereological studies and RT-PCR for the evaluation of osteocalcin and RUNX2 gene expression. Results: Although, at first glance, there was no macroscopic teratogen effect in forelimbs in all groups, via a stereological method, we showed that bone and cartilage volume decreased in the experimental group compared to the other groups. We also found that the experimental group had lower expression of the osteocalcin and RUNX2 gene than the control and sham groups did. However, there were no significant differences between the control and sham groups in terms of bone and cartilage volume and gene expression. Conclusion: Although teratogen effect of prenatal exposure to 2.4 GHz radio frequency on forelimbs was not demonstrated macroscopically, further studies showed negative effects on the forelimb bone, cartilage volume, and gene expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Prenatal Exposure to 2.4 GHz Radio Frequency on the Histology and Expression of the osteocalcin and RUNX2 Gene of the Forelimb in an NMRI Mouse

et al. 2019

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“…Furthermore, a calcineurin activity decrease was observed in both muscle and bone tissues. This study indicated that the development of muscle and bone tissues was negatively impaired by prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz RFR [73].…”

Section: Reproductive/developmental Toxicity In Vivo Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of In Vivo Mammalian Studies to the Knowledge of Adverse Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation on Human Health

Vornoli

Falcioni

Mandrioli

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The proliferation of cellular antennas and other radiofrequency radiation (RFR) generating devices of the last decades has led to more and more concerns about the potential health effects from RFR exposure. Since the 2011 classification as a possible carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), more experimental studies have been published that support a causal association between RFR exposure and health hazards. As regard cancer risk, two long-term experimental studies have been recently published by the US National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the Italian Ramazzini Institute (RI). Despite important experimental differences, both studies found statistically significant increases in the development of the same type of very rare glial malignant tumors. In addition to carcinogenicity, reproductive organs might be particularly exposed, as well as sensitive to RFR. In this work, we reviewed the currently available evidence from in vivo studies on carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity studies in order to summarize the contribution of experimental research to the prevention of the adverse effects of RFR on human health.

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“…Long-time exposure to wireless internet frequency at the pre-and postnatal periods was reported to cause chronic kidney damage (5). From this aspect alone, maternal cell phone or wireless usage during pregnancy is of great concern (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Thus, EM shielding fabric (EMSF) can be used in prenatal care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioprotection in Prenatal Care Using a Nonwoven Fabric with Electromagnetic Shielding Property

Sahmelikoğlu¹

2019

Erciyes Med J

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Objective: Electromagnetic shielding fabrics (EMSFs) have been marketed by several manufacturers within the past few years. However, their efficacies in protecting living organisms against the harmful effects of EM noise have yet to be established. The aim of the present study was to accomplish this task with novel in vivo experiments where fetal development and the pathological consequences of wearing protective fabric against EM radiation during pregnancy were investigated. Materials and Methods: Nine pregnant rats were equally divided into three groups. Sham controls were kept unexposed, but the remaining six were subjected to EM radiation at 900 MHz for 1 h daily throughout the pregnancy. However, three of the rats were protected by a nonwoven fabric manufactured locally and characterized previously. After birth, the kidneys of newborns were extracted and evaluated by histopathology. Histometry data were analyzed statistically. Results: EM exposure affected the kidney structure and morphology as revealed by the disruption of glomerular basement membrane continuity, increased Bowman capsule and proximal tubule sizes (from 15.01±2.56 µm to 29.94±4.42 µm), and thickened cortex and medulla (from 261.13±4.10 µm to 284.57±10.93 µm for cortex and from 594.25±23.48 µm to 732.61±20.46 µm for medulla). However, the effects were significantly attenuated in those kidneys placed behind the fabric. Conclusion: EMSF effectively protects the fetal kidney against EM radiation at 900 MHz during the developmental phase and possibly at other frequencies and for other organs. It is advisable to wear such fabrics during pregnancy when EM pollution is of significant concern.

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The effect of prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz electromagnetic field on calcineurin and bone development in rats

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

The Effect of Prenatal Exposure to 2.4 GHz Radio Frequency on the Histology and Expression of the osteocalcin and RUNX2 Gene of the Forelimb in an NMRI Mouse

The Effect of Prenatal Exposure to 2.4 GHz Radio Frequency on the Histology and Expression of the osteocalcin and RUNX2 Gene of the Forelimb in an NMRI Mouse

The Contribution of In Vivo Mammalian Studies to the Knowledge of Adverse Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation on Human Health

Radioprotection in Prenatal Care Using a Nonwoven Fabric with Electromagnetic Shielding Property

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