The effect of primary sludge on the mechanical performance of high-density polyethylene composites

Lahtela, Ville; Mustonen, Kati; Kärki, Timo

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.04.039

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Huang et al [24] found that paper mill sludge improved the impact strength. Lahtela et al [12] also found that sludge improved the impact strength compared to a filler from wood flour. Migneault et al [28] came to the same conclusion while comparing wood fibers and different pulps from a paper mill, and Keskisaari and Kärki [29] noted that carton cutting waste improved the properties of the composites.…”

Section: Impact Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…They found that paper mill sludge did not improve the tensile strength properties but lowered them slightly. Lahtela et al [12] showed that primary sludge had similar tensile properties to wood fibers. Similar results were obtained in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard deviation in the other materials was quite small. Lahtela et al [12] discovered that primary sludge improved the tensile modulus of a composite slightly. In the present case, opposite results were found.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various types of fibers from different parts of a plant can be used as a filler [10]. Several studies were conducted, for example, on paper mill sludge that was utilized as a filler in a polymer [11,12]. Primary sludge can also be utilized as a material for energy production [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Properties of Recycled Polymer Composites Made from Side-Stream Materials from Different Industries

2019

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This study examines the mechanical properties of thermoplastic polymer composites manufactured by utilizing different side-stream materials as fillers. Two composites were manufactured from side-stream materials from the construction industry, two were manufactured from side-stream materials from the paper industry, and one was manufactured from side-stream materials from a coating factory. The matrix polymer used in the composites originated from recycling facility. The side-stream materials were used as fillers. One composite was manufactured as a reference by using wood-fiber as the filler. The tensile properties and impact strength were tested. The materials were also observed with a scanning electron microscope. Compared to the reference material, tensile strength and modulus decreased in all cases except for the sludge from the paper industry. The sludge also improved the impact strength remarkably, as the impact strength with the stone wool and stone dust from the construction industry remained the same, while the values were weakened for the others. Scanning electron microscope images showed that powder coating waste from the coating factory increased porosity and, thus, decreased the density of the material.

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Section: Impact Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Properties of Recycled Polymer Composites Made from Side-Stream Materials from Different Industries

2019

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“…With industrial and economic developments, water pollution has been become an important factor threatening human survival. One serious problem in wastewater treatment is the purification of high‐solid‐content wastewater; it is caused by soil erosion, agriculture, mining, papermaking, and industrial activities . To solve this issue, many technologies have been developed, including coagulation, precipitation, flocculation, membrane filtration, and adsorption .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel, rosin‐based, hydrophobically modified cationic polyacrylamide for kaolin suspension flocculation

Zhang

Jiang

Shang

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A novel, hydrophobically modified cationic polyacrylamide (HMPAM) was synthesized via the copolymerization of acrylamide, diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC), and diallylmethyl dehydroabietic acid propyl ester ammonium bromide. Optimum conditions for preparing HMPAM were such that the amount of initiator was 0.075 wt % of the total monomer mass, the monomer concentration was 20 wt %, and the amount of DMDAAC was 18 mol % of the total monomer molar mass. HMPAM was characterized with an UV–visible spectrometer, 1H‐NMR, Ubbelohde viscometer, rotational viscometer, and rotational rheometer. HMPAM solutions exhibited strong hydrophobic associations, and the critical association concentration of the HMPAM aqueous solution was about 0.7 wt %; the HMPAM solutions also showed salt thickening and shear resistance. The surface morphologies of the freeze‐dried HMPAM samples (1 wt %) were also observed via scanning electron microscopy. Compared with unmodified cationic polyacrylamide, Synthesis of HMPAM‐0.5 exhibited a stronger flocculation capacity, and the optimal transmittance of the supernatants was above 95%. HMPAM‐0.5 showed significant flocculation performances for 3–4 and 3–5 wt % kaolin suspensions at 40 and 50 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the flocculation performance was enhanced with the addition of NaCl and CaCl2. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46637.

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Recycling Polymer Composites

Xavier

2022

Thermoplastic Polymer Composites

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The effect of primary sludge on the mechanical performance of high-density polyethylene composites

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Mechanical Properties of Recycled Polymer Composites Made from Side-Stream Materials from Different Industries

Mechanical Properties of Recycled Polymer Composites Made from Side-Stream Materials from Different Industries

Novel, rosin‐based, hydrophobically modified cationic polyacrylamide for kaolin suspension flocculation

Recycling Polymer Composites

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