The effect of psychopathology on visual discrimination.

Psychopatholgy and Perception of Physiques

“…Conversely, the schizophrenics show more divergence in stereotyping than the other groups, which may be related to anomalous perceptual functioning (Niebuhr & Cohen, 1956;Penrose, 1945 ) . However, the factors of anomalous social learning, behavior rigidiry, and the inability to profit from experience may be important factors in the schizophrenic's weak social stereotyping.…”

A comparison of Negro and Caucasian performances on the Bender-Gestalt test

“…Niebuhr and Coheri (6) found that patients diagnosed as schizophrenic reaction, chronic undifferentiated type achieved higher Pascal-Suttell scores on the Bender-Gestalt Test than those diagnosed schizophrenic reaction, acute undifferentiated type. The data of this study supported this finding (t = 3.04, p < .01).…”

Comment on "Bender Gestalt Discernment of organic pathology."

“…The former assesses visual-motor behavior independently of memory, while the latter confounds the two. Three other studies cited use both direct copy and drawing from memory (Hanvik & Anderson, 1950;Niebuhr & Cohen, 1956;Olin & Reznikoff, 1958). Although these studies suggest that difficulty in copying is associated with difficulty in recall, there were no attempts at differentiating perceptual distortions and executive incapacities from memory defects.…”