The effect of pyrethrin synergists, especially sesamex, on the insecticidal potency of hexachlorocyclopentadiene derivatives (“cyclodiene” insecticides) in the adult housefly, Musca Domestica L

Brooks, G. T.; Harrison, A.

doi:10.1016/0006-2952(64)90025-5

Cited by 57 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Aldrin was widely used as a pesticide around the same time as dieldrin but is slightly less toxic in various species of insects. 14,46 Aldrin has a shorter half-life than dieldrin, mostly due to increased volatility and rate of metabolism in the environment and in mammals. 47 Despite these characteristics limiting the adverse effects of aldrin exposure, it is still listed as #25 on the CERCLA priority list of hazardous substances 48 and has been detected in the post-mortem brains of Parkinson’s disease patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isodrin was never used commercially as a pesticide, but in Musca domestica , it is only slightly less toxic than endrin. 14 The toxicity profile of desmethylene aldrin has not yet been investigated. These organochlorines (Groups 1, 2, and 3) were chosen based on their environmental and metabolic relevancy and also to assess the role of dieldrin’s epoxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were many other compounds also investigated in these studies (>51 compounds in total), and some species differences, in terms of the relative potency of each compound, were observed. 14–16 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells

Allen

Florang

Davenport

et al. 2013

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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The incidence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) correlates with environmental exposure to pesticides, such as the organochlorine insecticide, dieldrin. Previous studies found an increased concentration of the pesticide in the striatal region of the brains of PD patients and also that dieldrin adversely affects cellular processes associated with PD. These processes include mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species production. However, the mechanism and specific cellular targets responsible for dieldrin-mediated cellular dysfunction and the structural components of dieldrin contributing to its toxicity (toxicophore) have not been fully defined. In order to identify the toxicophore of dieldrin, a structure–activity approach was used, with the toxicity profiles of numerous analogues of dieldrin (including aldrin, endrin, and cis-aldrin diol) assessed in PC6-3 cells. The MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were used to monitor cell viability and membrane permeability after treatment with each compound. Cellular assays monitoring ROS production and extracellular dopamine metabolite levels were also used. Structure and stereochemistry for dieldrin were found to be very important for toxicity and other end points measured. Small changes in structure for dieldrin (e.g., comparison to the stereoisomer endrin) yielded significant differences in toxicity. Interestingly, the cis-diol metabolite of dieldrin was found to be significantly more toxic than the parent compound. Disruption of dopamine catabolism yielded elevated levels of the neurotoxin, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, for many organochlorines. Comparisons of the toxicity profiles for each dieldrin analogue indicated a structure-specific effect important for elucidating the mechanisms of dieldrin neurotoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells

Allen

Florang

Davenport

et al. 2013

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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“…There was no evidence for epoxide formation from either cis-or trans-chlordane in houseflies, however. Notably, trans-chlordane was threefold less toxic than cis-chlordane to this insect, and neither isomer was synergized by sesoxane (Brooks and Harrison, 1964a), indicating that intrinsic toxicities were being measured. Alpha-and beta-DH were as toxic as heptachlor when synergized; synergized gamma-DH was fourfold less toxic than synergized alpha-and beta-DH and as toxic as cis-chlordane (Table 96.3).…”

Section: Heptachlor Chlordene Dihydroheptachlor Chlordane and Isomentioning

confidence: 95%

Interactions with the Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid A-Receptor

Brooks¹

2010

Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology

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“…Many cyclodiene analogues were made and tested against normal and dieldrin resistant insects to determine the boundaries of the resistance phenomenon, which appeared to apply to almost all cyclodiene compounds (Brooks & Harrison 1964a).…”

Section: Award Addressmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Award for Research in Agrochemicals – Experiences of a half-century of insect toxicology (1956-2006)

Gammon¹,

Brooks²

2007

Outlook Pest Man

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The effect of pyrethrin synergists, especially sesamex, on the insecticidal potency of hexachlorocyclopentadiene derivatives (“cyclodiene” insecticides) in the adult housefly, Musca Domestica L

Cited by 57 publications

References 21 publications

Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells

Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells

Interactions with the Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid A-Receptor

International Award for Research in Agrochemicals – Experiences of a half-century of insect toxicology (1956-2006)

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