The Effect of Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Supplementation on Leptin, Adiponectin, Glycemic Indices, and Anthropometric Indices in Obese and Overweight Women

Abstract

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally. Among several methods for treating obesity, the use of dietary supplements is common recently. One supplement that can help in this regard might be vitamin B6 in high doses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pyridoxine hydrochloride supplementation on anthropometric indices, body composition, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and metabolic status in obese and overweight women. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 44 obese and overweight women aged 18–50 years were selected and divided randomly into 2 groups: an intervention group (receiving 80 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride supplement for 8 weeks) and a control group (receiving placebo for 8 weeks). In the pyridoxine hydrochloride group, weight (p = 0.03), body mass index (p = 0.023), fat mass (p = 0.003), waist circumference (p = 0.005), VAI (p = 0.001), fasting insulin, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides (TG) and leptin (p < 0.001) decreased whereas adiponectin (p < 0.001) increased in comparison to the baseline values. There was a significant difference in fat mass, VAI, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and TG between pyridoxine hydrochloride and control groups following intervention in adjusted models (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that vitamin B6 supplementation may be effective in reducing BMI and improving body composition and biochemical factors associated with obesity. Trial Registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT20181002041206N1

Analysis of the Nutritional Value of the Diets Presented in Women’s and Sports Magazines before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…This results from the fact that food restrictions may cause inadequate iron intake, and symptoms of iron deficiency, including anemia [ 41 ], which is a common problem in young women [ 42 ]. At the same time, excessive body mass is by some authors indicated to be associated with deficiency or decreased intake of iron [ 43 ], as well as magnesium [ 44 ] and vitamin B6 [ 45 ], while in the conducted study, in the low-calorie diets, the intake of all these nutrients was reduced. Taking this into account, it should be indicated that some of the nutritional value alterations for the assessed low-calorie diets were not justified.…”

The Importance of Micronutrient Adequacy in Obesity and the Potential of Microbiota Interventions to Support It

“…Similarly, meta-analyses did not report a significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on body weight reduction; however, a decrease in the BMI of adults with excess weight undergoing weight loss treatments [76] and in some specific population groups-such as females and Asians [77]-was noted.…”

“…The meta-analyses showed that only Ca administered to people with obesity and overweight allowed for a modest but statistically significant decrease of body mass by MD of −0.7 kg [81], while RCTs documented such an effect for vitamin B6 (MD −1.4 kg [77]), vitamin A (MD −1.5 kg [73]), and Se (MD −0.8 kg [82]) supplemented to dieting women with excess weight, women of reproductive age with obesity, and women with polycystic ovary syndrome who were given probiotics, respectively.…”

“…Vitamin B6 supplementation at 80 mg/day in dieting women with excess weight for 8 weeks was shown to aid in the reduction of TG, TC, and LDL (see Table 4). A few of the mechanisms explaining the regulatory functions of vitamin B6 on lipid homeostasis are antioxidative properties, its role in enzymatic reactions, as well as its influence on calcium ion signaling associated with enhanced lipolysis and decreased synthesis of fa y acids [77].…”

“…The recent findings of clinical trials demonstrated the positive effects of vitamin B6 on glucose homeostasis. For example, RCT with the participation of women with excess weight undergoing an 8-week weight reduction program (see Table 5) showed that such supplementation had a significant, positive effect on FI and HOMA-IR compared to the control group receiving a placebo [77]. In addition, other studies demonstrated lower postprandial glucose levels in healthy adults when vitamin B6 was administered 20 min before the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) [129] and a decrease of FG, FI, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c in T2D patients undergoing a 4-week supplementation [130].…”