The Effect of Rare Earth Metals Alloying on the Internal Quality of Industrially Produced Heavy Steel Forgings

Improving products and production processes is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of the organisation. As part of these improvements, the popular approach is to use the FMEA method (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis). In the traditional FMEA approach, only the qualitative aspect is included, i.e., the analysis of the quality level of products or processes, its possible incompatibilities, and then proposing improving actions for them. It seems insufficient in times of expansion of the idea of sustainable development and dynamically changing customer requirements. Hence, the purpose of the research is to develop a fuzzy QE-FMEA method to simultaneously analyze hazards for product quality and the natural environment. This method will be based on a fuzzy decision environment. The main elements of originality of the developed method are: (i) extension of the characteristics of the selection of ratings for indicators with triangular fuzzy numbers and the development of a new characteristics of the selection of ratings for the environmental impact indicator, (ii) development of a selection matrix for the qualitative-environmental indicator (QE) according to the rules of triangular fuzzy numbers, (iii) determination of the method of estimating the value of the threat priority, additionally considering the qualitative-environmental indicator (RQE). The complement of research is developed procedure of the Fuzzy QE-FMEA method. It was shown that it is possible to include the effects of incompatibilities (effects of defects occurring in products or processes), which were simultaneously assessed considering the importance and impact on the natural environment. This method will be useful for any company for analysing defects of any products or processes mainly with significant impact on the natural environment.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of Fuzzy Analysis of Qualitative-Environmental Threat in Improving Products and Processes (Fuzzy QE-FMEA)

Pacana

Siwiec

2023

“…It refers to determining the main causes of the problem in a precise way to carry out adequate improvement actions [8,9]. The right analysis of the quality of products and the implementation of supporting actions to reduce incompatibilities also contribute to stabilizing the production process [10,11]. Furthermore, it is possible to repeat results under industrial conditions [5,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Model Supporting Stability Quality of Materials and Industrial Products

Siwiec

Pacana

2022

Stabilizing the quality of industrial product materials remains a challenge. This applies mainly to new or significantly modified materials. It also refers to special processes. The tests of product quality can stabilize the quality of industrial product materials. The popular method for this is using the non-destructive testing (NDT). The NDT identifies incompatibility but does not determine the cause of its occurrence. Hence, it was necessary to support the process of identifying causes of incompatibilities in products. The purpose of the article was to develop a model based on a new approach to determine the ranking of actions that are possible as part of the process of stabilizing the quality of industrial products. The model was developed to improve quality through sequential and systematic methods of identification (and reduce) and incompatibility. The quality management techniques and decision method were applied and combined in this model, i.e., SMART(-ER) the method, method of selecting a team of experts, brainstorming (BM), Ishikawa diagram with the 5M rule, Likert scale validation technique, arithmetic average, and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The test of this model was carried out to find cracks in the outer hull of 418 alloy four-point bearing (CPW-S 5616), which was identified by NDT (magnetic-powder method). As a result, a ranking of activities was obtained to stabilize the quality of the product and the main cause of incompatibility was indicated, i.e., the cause which can influence to the most degree influence on occurrence the incompatibility. The originality of the proposed model is an application in the right order of specially selected and combined qualitative methods and supporting decision methods. The finding of causes of incompatibility of products is the basis of product improvement in the area of stabilizing the quality of materials, mainly by the occurrence of special processes. The universality of the model refers to the possibility of its application for any material, processes of its formation, and processes of products, and any incompatibilities where the model can be integrated with quality control.

“…There are various reasons for the sudden failure of machine parts. These include material defects, construction imperfections, and human factors, as well as many other reasons [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, economic factors are becoming increasingly important. At the current level of technology and with the greater number of possibilities for shaping the quality of materials, there is a tendency to produce materials with a certain period of failure-free operation accompanied by the greatest possible reduction of production costs [ 5 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Non-Metallic Inclusions on Bending Fatigue Strength of High-Quality Carbon Constructional Steel Heated in an Industrial Electric Arc Furnace

Lipiński

2022

Non-metallic inclusions are one of the many factors influencing the strength of materials operating under variable loads. Their influence on the strength of the material depends not only on the morphology of the impurities themselves, but it is also closely related to the microstructure of the material. This microstructure is the matrix for non-metallic inclusions. This article discusses the results of a study investigating the effect of non-metallic inclusions on the fatigue strength of structural steel during rotary bending. The study was performed at 12 heats produced in an industrial plant’s 140-ton electric furnaces. Six heats were desulphurised, and six were refined with argon. This paper presents the bending fatigue strength of steel hardened and tempered at different temperatures, subject to the relative volume of inclusions. This paper also presents the dimensional structure of non-metallic inclusions divided by different two technologies. The research shows that the main fraction of non-metallic inclusions is Al2O3; the most numerous were impurities with a diameter of less than 2 µm; argon refining does not affect the proportion of non-metallic inclusions of large dimensions (with a diameter of over 15 µm); the influence of non-metallic inclusions on the strength of the steel is also related to the microstructure of the steel constituting the matrix of inclusions.