The effect of repeated treatment with dexamethasone on the re-excretion pattern of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and humoral immune response

Pastoret, Paul-Pierre; Aguilar-Setién, Álvaro; Burtonboy, Guy; Mager, Johannes J.; Jetteur, Philippe; Schoenaers, Frédéric

doi:10.1016/0378-1135(79)90050-6

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Additionally, there appeared to be no difference in the ability of either of the two corticosteroids used in this study, dexamethasone and flumethasone (the latter extensively used in veterinary clinical practice), to induce virus reactivation. Significant increases in BHV-l-specific antibody levels in cattle after treatment with dexamethasone have been reported by Pastoret et al [32] and more recently by Guy and Potgieter [11]. However, in the former study, when the corticosteroid was readministered to the animals at a later date, neutralizing antibody titres remained stable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Experimental reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) by means of corticosteroids in an intranasal rabbit model

Brown

Field

1990

Archives of Virology

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Intranasal inoculation of the rabbit was shown to be a viable alternative to eye inoculation as a model to study latency and reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1). In four different experiments, separate groups of rabbits were intranasally inoculated with BHV-1. In two experiments some rabbits were inoculated instead with a TK-defective (TK-) mutant strain of BHV-1. The development of a specific antibody response was monitored by both virus neutralization and ELISA assays. Cell-mediated immunity was measured by means of a skin test. Many weeks after virus inoculation the rabbits were treated with corticosteroid. Antibody formation after treatment was markedly different in wild type and in TK- virus inoculated groups. In the former, virus reactivation was suggested by a sudden rise in serum antibody levels with kinetics closely resembling those reported in infected calves following corticosteroid administration, whereas in the case of the TK- group no significant increase in antibody activity was measured. Histopathological changes in trigeminal ganglia also indicated reactivation of virus in the wild-type virus infected animals. Further evidence for reactivation was obtained by virus isolation from nasal swabs after corticosteroid treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Experimental reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) by means of corticosteroids in an intranasal rabbit model

Brown

Field

1990

Archives of Virology

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“…Eleven calves in which no virus excretion could be detected after reinfection and/or reactivation even showed a clear systemic IgA antibody response. An explanation for this unexpected tinding may be that in latently infected calves that are given corticosteroids non-infectious physical rather than infectious BHVl particles may be produced (Pastoret et al, 1979). These physical particles stimulate an antibody response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 in sera and mucosal secretions of calves after experimental reinfection and after reactivation

Madić¹,

Magdalena²,

Quak³

et al. 1995

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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Isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) were measured in sera, nasal, ocular and genital secretions of calves that were reinfected with BHV1 and 6 weeks later treated with corticosteroids to reactivate putative latent virus. After reinfection and after reactivation, no BHV1-specific IgM antibody response was detected. The serum IgA response was only transiently detectable after reinfection and again appeared rapidly after reactivation in most calves. Most calves showed an increase in nasal and ocular IgA titres after reinfection and reactivation; some calves also had IgA antibodies in genital secretions. A salient finding was that after reinfection and reactivation more calves showed a serum IgA response than virus shedding or an increase in serum IgG1 or IgG2 titres. This suggests that the serum IgA response would be the most sensitive indicator to detect BHV1 reinfection and reactivation. No correlation was found between nasal IgA titre at the time of reinfection or corticosteroid treatment and the period of virus shedding, suggesting that nasal IgA does not play a major role in protection against reinfection with BHV1.

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“…(i) The primary immune response acquired following a BoHV-1 natural exposure or a vaccination scheme is able to successfully control the re-excretion of any latent carrier. The secondary immune response boosted by successive reactivation stimulus is also effective at inhibiting virus re-excretion [155]. Therefore, reactivation stimulus occurring in the first two months following the primary infection is not expected to give rise to virus reexcretion.…”

Section: Latency and Reactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

et al. 2007

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-Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), classified as an alphaherpesvirus, is a major pathogen of cattle. Primary infection is accompanied by various clinical manifestations such as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, abortion, infectious pustular vulvovaginitis, and systemic infection in neonates. When animals survive, a life-long latent infection is established in nervous sensory ganglia. Several reactivation stimuli can lead to viral re-excretion, which is responsible for the maintenance of BoHV-1 within a cattle herd. This paper focuses on an updated pathogenesis based on a molecular characterization of BoHV-1 and the description of the virus cycle. Special emphasis is accorded to the impact of the latency and reactivation cycle on the epidemiology and the control of BoHV-1. Several European countries have initiated BoHV-1 eradication schemes because of the significant losses incurred by disease and trading restrictions. The vaccines used against BoHV-1 are described in this context where the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals is of critical importance to achieve BoHV-1 eradication.

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The effect of repeated treatment with dexamethasone on the re-excretion pattern of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and humoral immune response

Cited by 42 publications

References 4 publications

Experimental reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) by means of corticosteroids in an intranasal rabbit model

Experimental reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) by means of corticosteroids in an intranasal rabbit model

Isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 in sera and mucosal secretions of calves after experimental reinfection and after reactivation

Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

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