The effect of RES blockade on red blood cell survival.

Abstract

The effect of RES blockade on the survival of heat-damaged and antibody coated red blood cells was evaluated in C3H mice. RES function of C3H mice was determined by the survival of 59Fe-labeled, heat-damaged red blood cells at 49°C for 30 min. When animals were treated with an intravenous injection of non-labeled, heatdamaged red blood cells for the blockade of RES, red blood cell destruction was depressed in non-splenectomized and splenectomized mice. In the survival or organ distribution of 59Fe-labeled, antibody-coated red blood cells, no difference was noted between animals with and without blockade. These findings suggest that heat-damaged red blood cells were destructed predominantly in the splenic RES and antibody coated cells were not broken down only by the splenic RES. RES blockade; red blood cell survival; heat-damaged red blood cells; antibody-coated red blood cells; splenectomy Measurement of disappearance curves of intravenously injected heat-damaged red blood cells is useful as a means of assessing reticuloendothelial system (RES) function. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the role of RES in red blood cell destruction, especially in the spleen. A modification of the technique employed by Murray (1963) was utilized in C3H mice. The RES was blockaded with heatdamaged red blood cells and the effectiveness of the blockade was tested by the subsequent injection of tracer dose of 59Fe-labeled red blood cells. The role of the spleen was evaluated in non-splenectomized and splenectomized animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS59Fe-labeled red blood cells . In vivo 59Fe-labeled red blood cells were prepared in C3H mice by injecting 15 µCi of 59FeC13 intraperitoneally. Four days after the injection, the animals were sacrificed and heparinized blood was removed. After 3 washes in normal saline, 59Fe-labeled red blood cells were suspended in saline.Heat-damaged red blood cells. 59Fe-labeled red blood cells were heated at 49°C or 52°C for 30 min, then they were injected into a tail vein of C3H mice. Two hr after

Rapid clearance of transfused murine red blood cells is associated with recipient cytokine storm and enhanced alloimmunogenicity

“…Heat‐treated RBCs have been used diagnostically for years to evaluate RES function (e.g., radiolabeled heat‐treated RBC scans) 9 . However, despite clinical use, the exact change(s) in the heat‐treated RBCs leading to RES clearance are not well understood 29 . Nonetheless, 30 minutes of incubation at 50°C causes an increase in mean cell volume, a broadening of the RBC distribution width, a decrease in RBC plasticity, and minimal RBC fragmentation 36‐38 .…”

“…Phenylhydrazine induces RBC oxidant stress, leading to rapid posttransfusion clearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) 25‐27 . Heat treatment (50°C for 30 min) damages RBCs in an oxidant stress–independent manner, also leading to rapid post‐transfusion clearance 28,29 . We now report that transfusion of phenylhydrazine‐ or heat‐treated RBCs, which are both rapidly cleared, results in a proinflammatory recipient cytokine storm and high levels of alloantibodies, compared to control RBCs.…”