The effect of resistance training on blood pressure, apelin, ANP, PON1, adiponectin, H2O2, and ET-1 in hypertensive men

Abstract

Background and aims: Primary hypertension, an unexplained increase in blood pressure (BP), accounts for 90% of the cases of hypertension and remains a critical public health challenge. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12-week resistance training (RT) on some vasodilators and vasoconstrictors in hypertensive men. Methods: This is a semi-experimental study. A total of 40 middle-aged men (45.3±3.2 years) with moderate hypertension (systolic BP [SBP] 140.5±0.3 and diastolic BP [DBP] 90.7±0.0 mm Hg) were randomly divided into the RT (n=20) and non-exercise control (n=20) groups. The 12-week dynamic RT program was performed at an intensity of 80% of one repetition maximum for 3 days per week (3 sets of 8 repetitions/3 days a week). Blood samples were taken from both groups at baseline and weeks 4, 8, and 12. Results: SBP and DBP decreased by -8.19±2.46 mm Hg (P=0.039) and -1.19±0.02 mm Hg (P=0.033) from baseline at week 12 in the RT group, respectively, compared to the control group (SBP; 8.22±2.49, P=0.04; DBP; -1.19±0.03, P=0.032). Adiponectin, apelin, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) serum levels increased from baseline at weeks 8 (P=0.01) and 12 (P=0.01), while endothelin-1 (ET-1) and H2 O2 decreased from baseline at weeks 8 (P=0.01) and 12 (P=0.01) in the RT in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Overall, 12-week RT led to an increase in apelin, ANP, PON-1, and adiponectin. Increasing these markers reduces H2 O2 and ET-1, thus decreasing SBP and DBP in hypertensive men.

Impact of exercise modalities on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients

“…In addition to this, isometric resistance training (IRT) has proven to be effective in diminishing systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in both normotensive and hypertensive individuals (Baffour-Awuah et al, 2023;Wehrmann et al, 2023). Moreover, a 12-week resistance training program has been found to lower both SBP and DBP in hypertensive men while simultaneously increasing vasodilators and reducing vasoconstrictors(Baghaiee et al, 2022).B. Types of Resistance Training and Their EffectsDifferent types of resistance training have specific effects on blood pressure, which have been extensively studied and documented.…”