The Effect of Rhododendron Honey on Mice Liver Tissue

Abstract

ILTER, G.; SÖYLER, G.; RASGELE, P. G.; KEKEÇOGLU, M & KAMBUR, M. The effect of rhododendron honey on mice liver tissue. Int. J. Morphol., 34(3): 842-847, 2016. SUMMARY: Rhododendron honey, made by bees from rhododendron pollen, contains a toxic substance called grayanotoxin. Depending on the dose, the poisonous honey can result in serious effects such as cardiac arrhythmia, fibrillation, and myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the poisonous RH of the Black Sea Region on the liver. Male mice were divided into five groups of twelve mice each, two being the control groups (distilled water) and the others being the rhododendron honey (RH) groups (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg) and 0.01 mg/kg grayanotoxin (GTx) groups. Liver tissues were collected 24 and 48 h later. The sections were stained with hematoxylin, eosin and PAS, then the histopathological score was performed. Significant statistical differences were observed between the RH and control groups in terms of congestion, steatosis, sinusoid dilatation, and inflammation. The control group demonstrated a normal liver structure in the light microscopy, while the GTx-applied 24 h group exhibited expansions in the sinusoids and congestion. Higher levels of congestion, steatosis, and inflammatory cells were seen in the GTx-applied 48 h group. In the same group, giant cells consisting of many nuclei were observed in the sinusoids. The results of the 25 mg RH-applied groups were similar in 24 and 48 h, histopathological score levels were increased slightly, congestion and steatosis were prominent in the 48 h group. Dense steatosis was seen in the hepatocytes around the vena centralis in 50 mg/kg RH-applied 48 h group. Congestion, steatosis and an increase in inflammatory cells were observed in the hepatocytes in the 75 mg/kg RH-applied 24-and 48 h groups. PAS (+) stained hepatocytes were decreased in the RH-and GTx-applied groups. The toxic effects of the rhododendron honey were observed in the mice liver tissue with respect to dose and time. KÜKNER, A.; ILTER, G.; SÖYLER, G.; RASGELE, P. G.; KEKEÇOGLU, M & KAMBUR, M. The effect of rhododendron honey on mice liver tissue. Int. J. Morphol., 34(3):842-847, 2016.

Ormangülü Balı’nın Fare Kalp Kas Dokusu Lipitleri Üzerindeki Toksik Etkilerinin Moleküler Düzeyde İncelenmesi

“…The 3025-2800 cm -1 region (band No's. [2][3][4][5][6] is called the C-H stretching region and generally provides information about lipids [18] . The 1800-800 cm -1 region (band No's.…”

“…However, in different regions of the world, this honey is widely used in the treatment of various disorders such as hypertension, gastrointestinal complaints, sexual dysfunction toothache, colds, etc. [2] .…”

Risks for human health related to the presence of grayanotoxins in certain honey

“…The lack of indication of incidence and severity grade and the absence of biochemical signs of liver toxicity and histopathological data make it difficult to evaluate whether the extent of these changes is significant. Histopathological examinations are available from another study (Kukner et al 2016 ), but no significant increase of incidence in the liver congestion, steatosis and inflammatory cells was observed after 24 h from a single dose of 0.01 mg/kg bw GTX III i.p in mice. Overall, examination of clinical biochemistry parameters and histological observations after GTX I and GTX III administration provided inconsistent data (Fukumoto et al., 1993 ; Ascioglu et al., 2000 ; Silici et al., 2016 ).…”

“…Effects in rodent liver from single‐dose exposure to ‘mad honey’ involved altered lipid/protein ratio and lipid peroxidation (Sibel et al., 2014 ; Eraslan et al., 2018 ; Cakmak‐Arslan et al., 2020a ). Kukner et al ( 2016 ) reported significant congestion and steatosis in the absence of necrosis. The data refer to a single sample of ‘mad honey’.…”

Deli Bal ve Grayanotoksin’in Karaciğer Dokusu Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Zamana Bağlı Araştırılması

“…Bizim sonuçlarımızla uyumlu olarak, Kükner vd. 2016, DB ve GTX uygulamasından sonra farelerde karaciğer yağlanması meydana geldiğini ışık mikroskopu ile belirlemiştir (15). Önceki çalışmalarda karaciğer yağlanmasının dokuda sadece lipit miktarında artışa değil aynı zamanda glikojen miktarında önemli oranda azalmaya sebep olduğu gösterilmiştir (42,43).…”