The effect of root architecture on the shearing resistance of root-permeated soils

Fan, Chia-Cheng; Chen, Yu‐Wen

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.03.003

Cited by 102 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Nevertheless, most research was on slopes with uniform distribution of different vegetation types, very few involving the effects of vegetation structures (surface vegetation and roots) in terms of hydrodynamics (De Baets et al, 2006;Fan and Chen, 2010). Plant canopy and root contribute differently in runoff and sediment reduction, and their respective influence mechanism also (Zhao et al, 2013a;Zhou and Shangguan, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of patterned Artemisia capillaris on overland flow resistance under varied rainfall intensities in the Loess Plateau of China

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Abstract:In this paper simulated rainfall experiments in laboratory were conducted to quantify the effects of patchy distributed Artemisia capillaris on spatial and temporal variations of the Darcy-Weisbach friction coefficient (f). Different intensities of 60, 90, 120, and 150 mm h -1 were applied on a bare plot (CK) and four different patched patterns: a checkerboard pattern (CP), a banded pattern perpendicular to slope direction (BP), a single long strip parallel to slope direction (LP), and a pattern with small patches distributed like the letter 'X' (XP). Each plot underwent two sets of experiments, intact plant and root plots (the above-ground parts were removed). Results showed that mean f for A. capillaris patterned treatments was 1.25-13.0 times of that for CK. BP, CP, and XP performed more effectively than LP in increasing hydraulic roughness. The removal of grass shoots significantly reduced f. A negative relationship was found between mean f for the bare plot and rainfall intensity, whereas for grass patterned plots f r (mean f in patterned plots divided by that for CK) increased exponentially with rainfall intensity. The f -Re relation was best fitted by a power function. Soil erosion rate can be well described using f by a power-law relationship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of patterned Artemisia capillaris on overland flow resistance under varied rainfall intensities in the Loess Plateau of China

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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“…Zhang et al 2012). To estimate the strength of soil permeated with roots, various direct shear tests (Waldron 1977;Mickovski et al 2010;Stanczak and Oumeraci 2012) and in situ tests (Endo and Tsuruta 1969;Fan and Chen 2010;Comino et al 2010) were carried out. The increase in shear strength is often considered to be due to the roots via several mechanisms such as stretching, sliding, pullout and breakage (Waldron and Dakessian 1981).…”

Section: Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The root system is often considered to provide an extra cohesion, hence leading to a greater shear strength of the root-permeated soil (e.g. Fan and Chen 2010;Stanczak and Oumeraci 2012;Wu 2013). Accordingly, roots improve the resistance of dike slopes against overtopping (Tuan and Oumeraci 2012;Thornton et al 2014;Bijlard 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage to grass dikes due to wave overtopping

2016

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Abstract:Grass covers have been applied as an effective measure for protecting river levees and sea dikes. We conducted experiments to show how roots considerably improve the shear strength of soil on dike slopes. Roots of 1-year-old Bermuda and Carpet grass may increase the total shear strength of up to 20 kPa. Exposed to severe overtopping flow, dike slopes may possibly fail in various manners including 'head-cut', 'roll-up' and 'collapse'. The ratio between shear strength of the grass cover and its subsoil layer would get a value of two to distinguish the first two manners and would be zero for the last one. To some extent, the findings contribute to the basis for thoughtfully investigating the strength and failure mechanism of grass-covered slopes.

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“…The reinforcement potential of plant roots on the shallow subsurface and its importance as a model input parameter in physically based slope stability models was addressed in many previous studies (Sidle et al 1985;Greenway 1987;Sidle 1991;Sidle and Ochiai 2006;Stokes et al 2008;Fan and Chen 2010;Ghestem et al 2011;Schwarz et al 2012). Tree roots increase the soil strength during shear due to certain root characteristics, such as areal density, root distortion and root tensile strength (Wu et al 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of root systems into a GIS-based slip surface model: computational experiments in a generic hillslope environment

Schmaltz

Mergili

2018

Landslides

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Integration of root systems into a GIS-based slip surface model: computational experiments in a generic hillslope environment Abstract Root systems of trees reinforce the underlying soil in hillslope environments and therefore potentially increase slope stability. So far, the influence of root systems is disregarded in Geographic Information System (GIS) models that calculate slope stability along distinct failure plane. In this study, we analyse the impact of different root system compositions and densities on slope stability conditions computed by a GIS-based slip surface model. We apply the 2.5D slip surface model r.slope.stability to 23 root system scenarios imposed on pyramidoid-shaped elements of a generic landscape. Shallow, taproot and mixed root systems are approximated by paraboloids and different stand and patch densities are considered. The slope failure probability (P f ) is derived for each raster cell of the generic landscape, considering the reinforcement through root cohesion. Average and standard deviation of P f are analysed for each scenario. As expected, the r.slope.stability yields the highest values of P f for the scenario without roots. In contrast, homogeneous stands with taproot or mixed root systems yield the lowest values of P f . P f generally decreases with increasing stand density, whereby stand density appears to exert a more pronounced influence on P f than patch density. For patchy stands, P f increases with a decreasing size of the tested slip surfaces. The patterns yielded by the computational experiments are largely in line with the results of previous studies. This approach provides an innovative and simple strategy to approximate the additional cohesion supplied by root systems and thereby considers various compositions of forest stands in 2.5D slip surface models. Our findings will be useful for developing strategies towards appropriately parameterising root reinforcement in real-world slope stability modelling campaigns.

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The effect of root architecture on the shearing resistance of root-permeated soils

Cited by 102 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of patterned Artemisia capillaris on overland flow resistance under varied rainfall intensities in the Loess Plateau of China

Effects of patterned Artemisia capillaris on overland flow resistance under varied rainfall intensities in the Loess Plateau of China

Damage to grass dikes due to wave overtopping

Integration of root systems into a GIS-based slip surface model: computational experiments in a generic hillslope environment

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