The Effect of Rotating Speeds on the Cavitation Characteristics in Hydraulic Torque Converter

Guo, Meng; Liu, Cheng; Yan, Qingdong; Wei, Wei; Khoo, Boo Cheong

doi:10.3390/machines10020080

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Previous research reported that cavitating bubbles mainly occurred in the stator and that the stall operating condition was the worst-case scenario [28]. Thus, this study focused on the transient cavitation behaviour at stall, when both the stator and the turbine are stationary.…”

Section: Cfd Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corresponding deviations in the steady-state cavitation CFD model were 9.2% and 10.6%, and the transient cavitation model further reduced the prediction error to within 7.6% for both performance indices, indicating that the transient cavitation CFD model can predict the overall hydrodynamic performance with acceptable accuracy. Furthermore, the comparison between the noncavitation CFD model and the cavitation CFD model confirmed that the torque converter suffered from heavy cavitation, and the differences in the deviations between the two models indicated the cavitation degree [ [28]].…”

Section: Cfd Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Charging Oil Condition on Torque Converter Cavitation Characteristics

Liu

Guo

Yan

et al. 2022

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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Cavitation inside a torque converter induces noise, vibration and even failure, and these effects have been disregarded in previous torque converter design processes. However, modern torque converter applications require attention to this issue because of its high-speed and high-capacity requirements. Therefore, this study investigated the cavitation effect on a torque converter using both numerical and experimental methods with an emphasis on the influence of the charging oil feed location and charge pressure. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were established to simulate the transient cavitation behaviour in the torque converter using different charging oil pressures and inlet arrangements and testing against a base case to validate the results. The CFD results suggested that cavitating bubbles mainly takes place in the stator of the torque converter. The transient cavitation CFD model yielded good agreement with the experimental data, with an error of 7.6% in the capacity constant and 7.4% in the torque ratio. Both the experimental and numerical studies showed that cavitation induced severe capacity degradation, and that the charge pressure and charging oil configuration significantly affects both the overall hydrodynamic performance and the fluid behaviour inside the torque converter because of cavitation. Increasing the charge pressure and charging the oil from the turbine-stator clearance were found to suppress cavitation development and reduce performance degradation, especially in terms of the capacity constant. This study revealed the fluid field mechanism behind the influence of charging oil conditions on torque converter cavitation behaviour, providing practical guidelines for suppressing cavitation in torque converter.

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Section: Cfd Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cfd Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Charging Oil Condition on Torque Converter Cavitation Characteristics

Liu

Guo

Yan

et al. 2022

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Ran Zilin et al developed a cavitation suppression technique by slotting one side of the stator suction side, which was proven to be able to significantly shorten the cavitation duration (Ran et al, 2022). Guo Meng et al developed a full flow passage geometry and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model with cavitation to analyze the flow behavior in the torque converter (Guo et al, 2022a). Xiong Pan et al optimized the Joukowsky airfoil used in the design of stator blades, which greatly reduced the probability of cavitation and improved the performance and service life of the torque converter (Pan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chai et al (Chai et al, 2022) revealed the three-dimensional morphological characteristics of cavitation flow under extreme working conditions through high-precision numerical simulation and analysis of the cavitation flow field of a flat torque converter. Guo et al (Guo et al, 2021;Guo et al, 2022b) proposed full-flow CFD models with and without cavitation for torque converters, and studied the effects of different pump impeller speeds, pump turbine speed differences and cavitation parameters on the internal flow field of the torque converter. Xiong et al (Xiong et al, 2021) modified the torque converter stator blades through Joukowsky airfoil transformation, which greatly reduced the probability of cavitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of transient cavitation characteristics of valve-controlled liquid-filled hydrodynamic coupling

Cui,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Front. Energy Res.

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In high-power impeller industries, valve-controlled liquid-filled hydrodynamic couplings are widely used in the soft startup of heavy-duty scraper conveyors for mining. However, the water circulation speed in internal flow fields is higher at lower speed ratios, making the hydrodynamic couplings prone to severe cavitation, which further results in severe performance degradation, noise, vibration, or even erosion failure. Meanwhile, because a hydrodynamic coupling is a piece of closed-loop multicomponent turbomachinery, internal transient cavitation flow behavior cannot be easily controlled. To reasonably predict the characteristics of cavitation and its influence on the working performance of the hydrodynamic coupling, a high-quality structured mesh model of the internal flow field for an impeller was established. Considering the periodic structural characteristics of the impeller, a scale-resolving simulation turbulence model was combined with a Rayleigh–Plesset cavitation model to establish a single-cycle hydrodynamic coupling calculation model. The cavitation distribution characteristics and torque transmission of the flow field under different working conditions were obtained, and the effect of cavitation on the soft startup performance was analyzed. The results demonstrated that cavitation in the hydrodynamic coupling mainly occurred under low speed ratios. The degree of cavitation decreased as speed ratio increased. The worst-case scenario for cavitation occurred when the speed ratio was zero. Most of the cavitation bubbles were generated at the tip of the blades, resulting in unstable variation in torque characteristics and deterioration of the working performance of the hydrodynamic coupling. The analysis reveals that the cavitation process in the impeller is highly unstable and periodic, and the cavitation development near the tip of the blades occurs in four stages: birth, growth, separation, and disintegration. The generated steam accumulates in the inner ring of the impeller. Therefore, a method for accurately predicting the cavitation characteristics of hydrodynamic couplings based on high-precision technology is proposed, and a theoretical basis for coupling design and cavitation suppression technology is provided.

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“…Основной рабочий режим гидромеханической трансмиссии погрузчика находится в диапазоне малых передаточных отношений ГДТ, когда трансмиссия погрузчика испытывает высокие нагрузки (например, при заборе грунта ковшом). Согласно исследованиям [13], на таких режимах есть высокий риск образования кавитации.…”

unclassified

Investigation of the Cavitation Process in the Circulation Circle of the Hydromechanical Transmission of the Belaz Loader

PARMANCHUK,

SHYSHKO,

REHINIA

2023

MMMM

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A study of the working fluid flow in the torque converter was carried out using CFD modeling technology and an analysis of the dependence of cavitation on the torque converter operating mode. It is noted that torque converter cavitation mainly occurs at low gear ratios, the degree of cavitation decreases as the gear ratio increases. Most of the cavitation bubbles formed at the ends of the reactor wheel blades, which led to an unstable change in the moment characteristics and a deterioration in the torque converter performance. The analysis showed that the cavitation process is extremely unstable and periodic, and the development of cavitation near the top of the impeller blade occurs in four stages: the creation, growth, separation and decay of cavitation bubbles.

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The Effect of Rotating Speeds on the Cavitation Characteristics in Hydraulic Torque Converter

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Influence of Charging Oil Condition on Torque Converter Cavitation Characteristics

Influence of Charging Oil Condition on Torque Converter Cavitation Characteristics

Numerical simulation of transient cavitation characteristics of valve-controlled liquid-filled hydrodynamic coupling

Investigation of the Cavitation Process in the Circulation Circle of the Hydromechanical Transmission of the Belaz Loader

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