The effect of rupture directivity, distance and skew angle on the collapse fragilities of bridges

Somala, S.; Reddy, K. S. K. Karthik; Mangalathu, Sujith

doi:10.1007/s10518-021-01208-8

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The main beam displacement is simultaneously limited to some extent by the abutment, adjacent span, and shear key [11,12], but the seismic force delivered to the substructure is increased [13]. The collision causes a significant seismic displacement response, especially the response of bearing, abutment, and shear key, and it is necessary to increase the seismic response demand of shear keys under a strong earthquake [14,15]. Based on the above researches, it becomes clear that the skew angle and the collision significantly affect the seismic response of the skew bridge, which need to be considered in a further analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of reasonable parameters for skew bridge under different skew angles

Yin¹,

Wang²,

Guo³

2023

J. vibroeng.

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A finite element model is created using OpenSees software to perform a time history analysis in order to analyze the seismic response law of a skew bridge and the damage volume of its key components, using a typical 3×20 m skew continuous girder bridge as an example. The seismic response of the skew continuous girder bridge under various factors such as the size of the abutment expansion joint, shear key gap, and shear key strength is studied then the damage rate is assessed for the bearing, shear key, and pier. The research results show that under the action of earthquake ground motion with 0.3 g PGA, the seismic force transmitted to the pier is small, and the pier is elastic owing to the sliding of the bearing, but the damage degree of the shear key is larger than that of the bearing and pier. The impact increases the rotation effect of the main beam in the direction of off acute angle, resulting in a greater damage to the shear key at the acute angle than that at the obtuse angle. The damage of bearing and shear key increases and then decreases with the increasing of expansion joint, and the larger the skew angle is, the smaller the expansion joint will be corresponding to the maximum displacement of bearing and shear key. With the increase of the shear key gap, the deformation limitation effect of the shear key on the main beam decreases significantly, resulting in a linear increase in the bearing slip, which increases the risk of the main beam subsidence. With the increase of the shear key strength, the bearing and shear key damage decreases greatly at first, and then increases slightly. However, the pier damage increases obviously. In an area with a high risk of earthquake, it is recommended that the shear key can be a “fuse element”. For any oblique angle, the shear key gap can be reduced to 2 cm, and the shear key strength can be increased to 125 % or 150 %. When the skew angle is between 30 and 60, the expansion joint size can be increased to 12 cm or 16 cm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of reasonable parameters for skew bridge under different skew angles

Yin¹,

Wang²,

Guo³

2023

J. vibroeng.

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“…For example, the directivity effect can lead to potentially destructive pulses at low frequencies characterized by large amplitudes of ground motion (Boatwright, 2007;Kurzon et al, 2014;Moratto et al, 2017;. Therefore, knowledge of the kinematic finite source parameters and expected rupture directions for high and moderate magnitude events is critical for earthquake engineering applications (Moratto et al, 2021;Somala et al, 2021;Moratto et al, 2023) and for appropriate risk assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of the second seismic moments resolution to determine the fault parameters of moderate earthquakes

Cuius,

Meng,

Saraò

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Second-degree seismic moments provide a simple description of the spatiotemporal extent of the earthquake source. Finite source attributes such as rupture length, width, duration, velocity, and propagation direction can be estimated by computing second-degree seismic moments without the need for a predefined rupture model. This is achieved by analyzing the properties of apparent source time functions (ASTFs) obtained from seismic signals recorded at different stations after eliminating instrument responses and path effects. In this study, to define the limits of its application in the analysis of small earthquakes and to evaluate the sensitivity and reliability of the results to uncertainties due to observations and prior knowledge, we modeled a synthetic seismic source and examined how potential uncertainties in hypocentral depth, velocity model, focal mechanism, source duration, and number of recording stations can affect the inversion results. An accurate ASTF is essential to obtain robust results and our findings show that the mean values of the key source parameters, i.e., fracture size, source duration, and rupture velocity, are generally well reproduced in all sensitivity tests, with some exceptions, within the standard deviation. We also demonstrate that large uncertainties in the hypocentral depth and inaccurate velocity models introduce a significant bias, especially in rupture size and average centroid velocity, indicating the strong influence of ray path calculation in the inversion process. These resolution limits must therefore be taken into account when interpreting the results obtained with this technique.

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“…Thus, over the past few decades, studies focused on multi-hazard vulnerability analyses have gained momentum [8]. Accordingly, multi-hazard fragility analysis is widely reported in existing literature considering earthquake, tsunami, flood, scour, and other forces [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Mosleh et al [16] performed seismic vulnerability of pre-1990 concrete bridge and developed analytical fragility functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐hazard fragility analysis of RC bridges for high seismicity and high scouring scenarios

Ghimire

Pradhan

Gautam

2022

The Journal of Engineering

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Both earthquakes and floods occur frequently in the Himalayas. Since bridge structures are designed considering earthquake forces alone, floods are causing significant damage to bridges almost every year across the Himalayas. Thus, it is obvious that floods and earthquakes are the two most important natural hazards that could alter the performance of bridges in the Himalayas. Furthermore, settlement and scouring are commonly observed in many bridges in Nepal and neighbouring regions in the Himalayas. To this end, the conventional earthquake force-based analysis approaches become conservative as the conventional approaches do not account for multi-hazard impacts and design considerations. To fulfil the gap regarding multi-hazard vulnerability characterization, this study presents a comparative assessment of single and multiple natural hazards that are likely to impact Nepali highway bridges. Seismic fragility functions for representative reinforced concrete (RC) bridges are developed for earthquake only and earthquake and scouring scenarios. Parametric variation of likely scouring depth obtained from the hydrological analysis is used to depict the probabilistic scenario to obtain fragility functions for various scouring levels. The sum of the findings outlines that the seismic vulnerability of RC bridges increases significantly when scouring precedes seismic excitation.

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The effect of rupture directivity, distance and skew angle on the collapse fragilities of bridges

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Determination of reasonable parameters for skew bridge under different skew angles

Determination of reasonable parameters for skew bridge under different skew angles

Sensitivity of the second seismic moments resolution to determine the fault parameters of moderate earthquakes

Multi‐hazard fragility analysis of RC bridges for high seismicity and high scouring scenarios

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