The effect of Salacia reticulata, Syzygium cumini, Artocarpus heterophyllus, and Cassia auriculata on controlling the rapid formation of advanced glycation end-products

Abstract

Background The excessive formation of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs) by non-enzymatic glycation mediates many health complications in the human body and the formation of AGEs largely accelerated under the hyperglycaemic condition. Objective The prospect of the study to assess the strength of inhibiting the rapid AGE formations in four Ayurvedic medicinal plants, namely; Salacia reticulata (stems), Syzygium cumini (barks), Artocarpus heterophyllus (mature leaves) and, Cassia auriculata (flowers). Materials and methods Herbal decoctions of four medicinal plant materials were prepared by simmering with hot water as prescribed by the Ayurvedic medicine. The effectiveness of the decoctions was analyzed in vitro based on their Anti-AGE formation activity, glycation reversing, and anti-oxidant potentials. Results According to the results, the decoctions of S. reticulata , A. heterophyllus and C. auriculata indicated the strong Anti-AGE forming (IC 50 : 23.01 ± 2.70, 32.01 ± 2.09, 43.66 ± 2.11 mg/mL, respectively), glycation reversing (EC 50 : 183.15 ± 7.67, 91.85 ± 1.93, 252.35 ± 4.03 mg/mL, respectively) and antioxidant potentials in terms of total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric ion reducing power (FRAP), ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. However, the decoction of S. cumini reported the significantly high (p < 0.05) Anti-AGE forming, (IC 50 : 9.75 ± 0.32 mg/mL), glycation reversing (EC 50 : 66.45 ± 4.51 mg/mL), and antioxidant potentials against the decoctions of the other three plant materials. Conclusion S. cumini bark extract was identified as the best source in controlling the formation of AGEs excessively. Further, the other three plant extracts can also be effectively used as potential therapeutic agents to control the pathological conditions associated with AGEs-mediated health complications.

Anti-protein glycation and free-radical scavenging properties of Sri Lankan antidiabetic medicinal plant Salacia reticulata l. (Kothala Himbutu)

“…In ayurvedic and indigenous medicines, this plant is used in the treatment of diabetes and several other conditions [13][14][15][16] and in Sri Lanka, decoctions made out of the root and the stem are used in the traditional formulations [13,16,17]. The anti-diabetic activity of the roots and stems of this plant has been scienti cally validated using in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Nevertheless, only very few studies have shown that bark and root extracts can reduce glycated hemoglobin HbA1c [18,19].…”