The effect of salicylic acid and calcium chloride on lipid peroxidation and the scavenging ability on radical of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) under salt stress

Abstract

Salinity exerts harmful morphological, physiological, and metabolic effects on plants. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid (SA 0, 0.75 and 1.5 mM) and calcium chloride (CaCl2 0, 50 and 100 mM), singly or in combination, on different morphological and physiological characteristics of chickpeas exposed to salt stress (0, 25 and 75 mM NaCl). The results showed that the addition of SA or Ca alone improved plant behaviour in the presence of NaCl. Also, the shoot and root length, dry weight, chlorophyll and carotenoids decreased under salinity, while malondialdehyde (MDA), the inhibition of DPPH radical, anthocyanine, and proline increased. However, the use of SA and Ca combined increased the shoot and root length and the dry weight, ameliorated the chlorophyll, carotenoids, and reducing sugars, and significantly reduced MDA and the inhibition of DPPH radical in the plants. These studies imply that SA and Ca caused a tolerance to NaCl which may be related to the regulation of antioxidative responses. It may also be suggested that a concentration of 1.5 mM salicylic acid and a concentration of 100 mM calcium are the most suitable concentrations to improve the physiological parameters of chickpeas under salinity conditions. Hence, by regulating the antioxidant system, SA and Ca play this role.

Enhancing Bioactive Metabolite Production in Aerva sanguinolenta Callus Cultures through Silver Nanoparticle and Salicylic Acid Elicitation

“…The antioxidant activity of salicylic acid is dose-dependent, meaning that higher concentrations of salicylic acid can result in a higher DPPH scavenging percentage. These observations are according to our results, where it was shown that a higher concentration of SA 100 µM promised better DPPH scavenging [70].…”

“…AgNPs can also increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which can further enhance the antioxidant potential of the CC. Studies [69,70] have shown that salicylic acid can increase the DPPH scavenging percentage by directly reacting with DPPH and donating an electron or hydrogen radical to reduce its absorbance. The antioxidant activity of salicylic acid is dose-dependent, meaning that higher concentrations of salicylic acid can result in a higher DPPH scavenging percentage.…”

Calcium Chloride Supplementation Improves in vivo Salt Stress Tolerance of Drumstick (<i>Moringa oleifera</i> L.)

“…At the concentration [56,57]. Similarly, as compared to controls, CaCl 2 treatment improved DPPH radical scavenging activity in NaCl-stressed sunflower and red bean plants [58,59]. Salinity treatment increased the proline content of all parts of the plants to a larger level in soybean [60] and sorghum [61].…”

Morpho-Biochemical Modification of Petunia to Saline Water and Salicylic Acid Applications

“…Salinity induces a series of morpho-physiological responses and molecular modifications that prevent plant development and flowering behavior [5][6][7][8][9]. Salinity injury in plants is primarily caused by osmotic stress, cytotoxicity, and nutritional conflict [5][6][7][8][9].…”

“…Salinity induces a series of morpho-physiological responses and molecular modifications that prevent plant development and flowering behavior [5][6][7][8][9]. Salinity injury in plants is primarily caused by osmotic stress, cytotoxicity, and nutritional conflict [5][6][7][8][9]. Salinity reduces a plant's ability to absorb enough water to meet its evaporative demands, causing growth and flowering decline and lessened metabolic pathways [8,[10][11][12].…”