The Effect of Sealevel Change on the Shelfedge and Slope of Passive Margins

Pitman, Walter C.; Golovchenko, X.

doi:10.2110/pec.83.06.0041

Cited by 49 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…In the early to mid-Cretaceous ''greenhouse'' world, where the presence of significant ice-caps is not generally accepted (for example, Crowell, 1982;Schlanger, 1986;Hallam, 1992;Frakes, Francis, and Syktus, 1992), eustatic sealevel changes forced by changes in the volume of ocean basins would have been perhaps as much as three orders of magnitude slower than glaciation-deglaciation (for example, ϳ2.0m/my, Schlager, 1981;Pitman and Golovchenko, 1983;Dewey and Pitman, 1998). Sealevel during this time is generally depicted as undergoing a long-term rise (Hancock and Kauffman, 1979;Haq, Hardenbol, and Vail, 1988;Hancock, 1989).…”

Section: The Role Of Meteoric-water Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphy, paleoceanography, and evolution of Cretaceous Pacific guyots; relics from a greenhouse Earth

Jenkyns¹

1999

American Journal of Science

194

141

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ABSTRACT. Many guyots in the north Pacific are built of drowned Cretaceous shallow-water carbonates that rest on edifice basalt. Dating of these limestones, using strontium-and carbon-isotope stratigraphy, illustrates a number of events in the evolution of these carbonate platforms: local deposition of marine black shales during the early Aptian oceanic anoxic event; synchronous development of oolitic deposits during the Aptian; and drowning at different times during the Cretaceous (and Tertiary).Dating the youngest levels of these platform carbonate shows that the shallow-water systems drowned sequentially in the order in which plate-tectonic movement transported them into low latitudes south of the Equator (paleolatitude ϳ0°-10°south). The chemistry of peri-equatorial waters, rich in upwelled nutrients and carbon dioxide, may have been a contributory factor to the suppression of carbonate precipitation on these platforms. However, oceanic anoxic events, thought to reflect high nutrient availability and increased productivity of planktonic organic-walled and siliceous microfossils, did not occasion platform drowning. Neither is there any evidence that relative sealevel changes were the primary cause of platform drowning, which is consistent with the established resilience of shallow-water carbonate systems when influenced by such phenomena.Comparisons with paleotemperature data show that platform drowning took place closer to the Equator during cooler intervals, such as the early Albian and Maastrichtian, and farther south of the Equator during warmer periods such as Albian-Cenomanian boundary time and the mid-Eocene. Initiation of one carbonate platform relatively close to the Equator, at paleolatitudes more northerly than those where others drowned, took place during the cool early mid-Aptian. These correlations are in accord with an interpretation that excess warmth in shallow peri-equatorial waters proved inimical for many carbonate-secreting organisms living on the platforms, allowing subsidence or eustatic sealevel rise to outpace sedimentation and guyots to form. A parallel may be drawn with the recent phenomenon of coral and foraminiferal bleaching, whereby photosynthetic symbionts succumb to prolonged high temperatures (G30°C) and the host organism dies. The fact that most Cretaceous guyots reside in the north Pacific may not be solely related to the age-distribution pattern of ocean floor but to their having run the gauntlet of a difficult and dangerous passage across the Equator. North Pacific guyots are relics from the Cretaceous (and Eocene) ''greenhouse'' Earth.

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Section: The Role Of Meteoric-water Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphy, paleoceanography, and evolution of Cretaceous Pacific guyots; relics from a greenhouse Earth

Jenkyns¹

1999

American Journal of Science

194

141

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“…Understanding eustatic mechanisms ) and have been related to changes in oceanic crust production, particularly high seafloor-spreading rates, which supposedly caused very high (250 m) sea level in the Late Cretaceous (e.g., Pitman and Golovchenko, 1983).…”

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confidence: 99%

A 180-Million-Year Record of Sea Level and Ice Volume Variations from Continental Margin and Deep-Sea Isotopic Records

Miller¹,

Mountain²,

Wright³

et al. 2011

Oceanog.

433

315

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“…By measuring variations in the elevation of what they termed coastal onlap seen in seismic profiles, they calculated that many eustatic oscillations were 100 m or more. Subsequent research showed, however, that the likelihood of shallow-water sediment accumulating along passive margins depends on the rate of eustatic change in relation to rates of change in sediment supply, basement subsidence, and compaction (Pitman and Golovchenko, 1983). This means that in the absence of detailed age control, compaction history, and paleo-water depth estimates, eustatic magnitudes cannot be derived directly from the architecture of stratal boundaries revealed by seismic profiles (Watts and Thorne, 1984).…”

Section: O N T I N E N T a L S H E L F Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Jersey Margin Scientific Drilling Project (IODP Expedition 313): Untangling the Record of Global and Local Sea-Level Changes

Mountain

Proust

2010

Scientific Drilling

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Much of the world is currently experiencing shoreline retreat due to global sea level rising at the rate of 3–4 mm yr -1. This rate will likely increase and result in a net rise to roughly 1 m above present sea-level by the year 2100 (e.g., Rahmstorf, 2007; Solomon et al., 2007), with significant consequences for coastal populations, infrastructures, and ecosystems. Preparing for this future scenario calls for careful study of past changes in sea level and a solid understanding of processes that govern the shoreline response to thesechanges. One of the best ways to assemble this knowledge is to examine the geologic records of previous global sea-level changes. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 313 set out to do this by recovering a record of global and local sea-level change in sediments deposited along the coast of eastern North America during the Icehouse world of the past 35 m.y. What we learn from this record—the factors driving sea-level changes, and the impact of thischange on nearshore environments—will help us understand what lies ahead in a warming world

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The Effect of Sealevel Change on the Shelfedge and Slope of Passive Margins

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Stratigraphy, paleoceanography, and evolution of Cretaceous Pacific guyots; relics from a greenhouse Earth

Stratigraphy, paleoceanography, and evolution of Cretaceous Pacific guyots; relics from a greenhouse Earth

A 180-Million-Year Record of Sea Level and Ice Volume Variations from Continental Margin and Deep-Sea Isotopic Records

The New Jersey Margin Scientific Drilling Project (IODP Expedition 313): Untangling the Record of Global and Local Sea-Level Changes

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