The effect of seasonality and geographic location on sulphated polysaccharides from brown algae

Abstract

Fucoidans, sulphated polysaccharides from brown algae, are a group of heterogeneous biopolymers. Located in the brown algae cell wall, they cross-link to cellulose microfibrils, protecting the algae cells against mechanical and chemical stress at sea (Deniaud-Bouët et al., 2014). Several studies report the many bioactivities they exert in vitro, such as anti-cancer (Anastyuk et al., 2012), anti-inflammatory (Cumashi et al., 2007), anti-viral and immuno-regulatory (Sun et al., 2018. Their diverse bioactivity enables their use in many industrial applications in both the food industry and in medicine and pharmaceuticals, including the field of tissue engineering (Silva et al.,

A review on the chemical ecology of the Fucaceae holobionts: from fundamental knowledge to applications

“…Thus, the main commercially exploited species are brown seaweeds (more than 99%), such as Alaria esculenta, Laminaria hyperborea, Laminaria digitata, Saccharina latissima, Undaria pinnatifida, and A. nodosum, which belongs to Fucaceae [22]. Regardless of the field of application, it is important to remember that the chemical composition of a seaweed species and its extracts is affected by, among others, the season and location of harvesting [23][24][25]. These factors Upper intertidal [13] must be considered since they likely influence the biological activities of the commercial products being manufactured.…”

“…isolated from F. spiralis led to the isolation of seventeen related N-acylalanine methyl esters (NAMEs) (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)36) [165]. Seven Nacylglycine methyl esters (NAGMEs) (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) were extracted from Loktanella sp., nine N-acylalanine methyl esters (NAMEs) (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34) and one N-acyl-2aminobutyric acid methyl ester (NABME) (36) from Roseovarius sp. Compounds 35 (NABME derivative) and 37 (N-acylvaline methyl ester derivative-NAVME) were also isolated from bacterial strains found in an unidentified species of Fucus [165].…”

Chemical Composition of Macroalgae Polysaccharides from Galician and Portugal Coasts: Seasonal Variations and Biological Properties

“…-derived PS. The seasonal differences in macroalgae polysaccharides' biochemical profiles are often attributed to physical factors, such as temperature, salinity, the concentration of nutrients and the amount of sunlight, with a dry mass increase from spring to autumn by about 50% with increased generation of PSs during summer months [4,21] and algae reproduction [22][23][24][25].…”

“…PSs' composition and molecular weight have a great influence on bioactivity, and important differences are a consequence of different factors like algal genus and species [4,21,33], season [7,41], geographic location [21] and the reproductive stage of the algae [4]. So, it can be assumed that the biological activities are modulated by the biochemical profile of Codium and Osmundea polysaccharides and dependent on the species, location and collection season; these are further explored.…”