The effect of selective location of carbon nanotubes on electrical properties of thermoplastic vulcanizates

Abstract

Three types of conductive thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) were prepared by blending polypropylene (PP), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and carboxylic acrylonitrile butadiene ultrafine full‐vulcanized powdered rubber (xNBR‐UFPR). The CNT locations were different in these three types of TPVs, i.e., CNTs were localized in PP matrix, in the xNBR‐UFPR phase, or mainly in the interface. It had been found that TPV with CNTs localized mainly in the interface had the lowest conductive percolation threshold among these three types of TPVs. The volume resistivity of the TPV with 2 phr CNTs was as small as 220 Ω•cm. Moreover, the conductive TPV possessed good mechanical properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

Transport performance in novel elastomer nanocomposites: Mechanism, design and control

“…3(b)). However, when the CNTs are mainly located in the dispersed xNBR phase, it is difficult for the CNTs to form continuous paths for electron transfer [113].…”

Attaining low percolation threshold in conductive polypropylene/nitrile rubber thermoplastic vulcanizates using carbon nanotube

“…The sample prepared by Method I displayed the highest σ AC (0.04 S m −1 ). This value is almost 10 orders of magnitude higher than that reported by Zhu et al for the conductive TPV based on PP and the previously crosslinked xNBR loaded with similar amount of CNT 27 . By using the PP/CNT masterbatch approach, the conductivity decreased, due to the formation of CNT agglomerates, thus decreasing the chance of the formation of effective conductive pathway.…”

“…Despite several important studies involving this TPV, very few papers in the open literature reported its use to develop conductive TPV, to the best of the authors' knowledge. Zhu et al described the use of carboxylic acrilonitrile butadiene previously vulcanized as an ultra‐fine full‐vulcanized powder (xNBR‐UFPR) in PP matrix loaded with CNT prepared by traditional melt blending instead of DV 27 . In this study, the authors reached conductivity values of around 4 × 10 −3 S cm −1 with 2 phr of CNT.…”

“…TPV‐I, in which CNT was added after the curing agent, exhibited the CNT at the interface and also dispersed in the PP phase, thus forming a physical three‐dimensional network which should be responsible for the improved conductivity. It was reported that carbon‐based filler presents great affinity for NBR due to the polar nature of the rubber 27,30 . Thus, during mixing, some amount of CNT tried to migrate toward the NBR phase, but found a barrier at the interface due to the high viscosity of the crosslinked rubber particles.…”

Synthesis and characterization of advance PA6‐b‐PDMS multiblock copolymers

“…Block copolymers and blended materials are two important parts of TPEs. Representative blended TPEs are thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) obtained by blending thermoplastic and rubber. This method is so commercial that some of these materials have been applied by manufacturers.…”