The effect of short-chain branching on the thermolysis/reactive distillation of polyethylene

McCaffrey, William C.; Cooper, David G.; Kamal, Musa R.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990822)73:8<1415::aid-app9>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In all cases, the GPC curves were consistent with monomodal distributions and polydispersities ranging from 2.13 and 6.28. As expected, the TGA analysis of all copolymers showed a decrease of the thermal stability with increasing branching [24].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

LLDPE with Exclusively Ethyl Branches by Tandem Catalysis with Single-Site Zr(IV)/Co(II) Catalysts

et al. 2008

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Semicrystalline linear low density polyethylenes (LLDPEs) with exclusively ethyl branching (from 7 to 56 branches per 1,000 carbon atoms) were prepared from ethylene by homogeneous tandem catalytic systems comprising (imino)pyridine cobalt(II) dichlorides as oligomerization precursors, bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium(IV) dichloride as copolymerization precursor and methyaluminoxane as activator. The activity of the tandem systems was evaluated by varying either the molar fraction of the cobalt precursors or the ethylene pressure. The latter parameter was of crucial importance to control both the productivity and the extent of 1-butene incorporation. In particular, increasing the ethylene pressure from 2 bar to 4 bar changed the ''comonomer effect'' from positive to negative.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

LLDPE with Exclusively Ethyl Branches by Tandem Catalysis with Single-Site Zr(IV)/Co(II) Catalysts

et al. 2008

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“…[15,17,18a] The TGA analysis of all copolymers showed a decrease in the thermal stability with increasing branching. [19] Unlike a-olefin incorporation and branching, the molecular weight of the copolymers decreased with increasing w Co , from the value of 570 kg Á mol À1 for the homopolymer obtained with 2 alone down to 147 kg Á mol À1 for w Co ¼ 0.50 (Table 1). This trend is typical for ethylene-a-olefin copolymerization and has been rationalized by considering that the insertion of an a-olefin into the propagating alkyl chain gives rise to the formation of ethyl, butyl, or hexyl side chains depending on whether the inserted a-olefin is 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Amorphous Polyethylene by Tandem Action of Cobalt and Titanium Single‐Site Catalysts

Bianchini

Frediani

Giambastiani

et al. 2005

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Summary: A variety of branched polyethylenes, spanning from semicrystalline LLDPE to completely amorphous, rubbery PE, was obtained from ethylene by homogeneous tandem catalysis using combinations of CoCl2(N) (1) (N = [1‐(6‐benzo[b]thiophen‐2‐yl‐pyridin‐2‐yl)‐ethylidlene)‐(2,6‐diisopropyl‐phenyl)‐amine) and [(η5‐C5Me4)SiMe2(tBuN)]TiCl2 (2) in the presence of MAO at 30 °C. The productivity reached a maximum of 4 570 kg PE (mol Ti · h)−1 at χCo = 0.50, yielding a rubbery material with d25 = 0.868 g · cm−3 and Tg = −55 °C.Conversion of ethylene into branched polyethylene using CoII iminopyridyl complex CoCl2(N) (1) and TiCl2[(η5‐C5Me4)SiMe2(tBuN)] (2).magnified imageConversion of ethylene into branched polyethylene using CoII iminopyridyl complex CoCl2(N) (1) and TiCl2[(η5‐C5Me4)SiMe2(tBuN)] (2).

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“…Although the form of the final product obtained by pyrolysis is related to the grade of plastic used and the process conditions essentially, as indicated in literature, thermal cracking of LDPE and HDPE leads mainly to obtaining liquid products [36,37]. Gaseous products produced by depolymerization of PE are: ethane, ethene, and n-butane.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Thermal Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Plastic Waste Processing in the Modern Recycling Plant Operating in Poland

Szostak

Duda

et al. 2020

Energies

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Although Poland is one of the leading recipients of the waste stream in the European Union (EU), it is at the same time below the average in terms of efficiency of their use/utilization. The adopted technological solutions cause waste processing rates to be relatively low in Poland. As a result, the report of the Early Warning and Response System (EWRS) of the EU indicated Poland as one of the 14 countries of the EU which are at risk in terms of possibility of achieving 50% recycling of waste. This article discusses the implemented technological solutions, and shows the profitability of the investment and the values of the process heat demand both for extractor and reactor. The experimental part analyzed the composition of the input and output of the process and compared it to the required fuel specifications. Attention was drawn to the need to improve the recycling process in order to increase the quality of manufactured fuel components. As potential ways of solving the problem of low fuel quality, cleaning the sorted reaction mass from solid particles and extending the technological line with a distillation column have been proposed. The recommended direction of improvement of the technology is also the optimization of the process of the reactor’s purification and removal of contaminants.

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The effect of short-chain branching on the thermolysis/reactive distillation of polyethylene

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

LLDPE with Exclusively Ethyl Branches by Tandem Catalysis with Single-Site Zr(IV)/Co(II) Catalysts

LLDPE with Exclusively Ethyl Branches by Tandem Catalysis with Single-Site Zr(IV)/Co(II) Catalysts

Amorphous Polyethylene by Tandem Action of Cobalt and Titanium Single‐Site Catalysts

Characteristics of Plastic Waste Processing in the Modern Recycling Plant Operating in Poland

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