The Effect of short-term aerobic exercise and green tea consumption on MFO, ‎Fatmax, body composition and lipid profile in sedentary postmenopausal ‎‎women

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Background: Visceral fat accumulation due to the decrease in estrogen levels, and gaining weight after menopause, increases the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women; while physical activity at maximum fat oxidation intensity (Fatmax) and green tea consumption are recommended for increasing fat oxidation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term aerobic exercise and green tea consumption on maximum fat oxidation (MFO), Fatmax, body composition and lipid profile in sedentary postmenopausal women. Methods: 24 sedentary postmenopausal women were divided into two groups: exercise+placebo and exercise+supplement. Exercise tests were performed by gas analyzer device and blood samples were collected after 12 hours of fasting overnight in pre and posttest phases. The subjects had a daily intake of 1,200 mg of green tea or cellulose in capsule form. The training protocol contained two weeks of aerobic exercise at an intensity of about maximum fat oxidation which was performed four times a week and each session took 40 to 50 minutes. Results: After two weeks, the amounts of weight, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, average total carbohydrate oxidation and HDL were significantly decreased in both groups (p≤0.05). The peak oxygen consumption, maximum fat oxidation, Fatmax and the average total fat oxidation increased but were not significant (p>0.05). Triglyceride (P=0.003) and visceral fat levels (P=0.044) only declined significantly in exercise+supplement group and LDL levels (P=0.043) only increased in exercise+supplement, significantly. Fat percentage also decreased in two groups which was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusions: The findings showed that short-term aerobic exercise at Fatmax, alone and along with green tea consumption, reduced body weight and

The effect of green tea supplementation on obesity: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…During the full‐text review stage, 426 articles were excluded based on the following reasons: non‐clinical trials, whole GT was not employed in the intervention (the studies employed decaffeinated green tea extract or green tea catechin), animal study, GT was employed in combination with other components, the studies were performed in children, insufficient data, lack of appropriate control groups, duplicate datasets. Finally, 25 articles with 26 arms were included in this meta‐analysis (Afzalpour, Ghasemi, & Zarban, 2017; Al‐Naggar, Osman, & Abdulghani, 2013; Amozadeh, Shabani, & Nazari, 2018; Auvichayapat et al, 2008; Basu et al, 2011; Bogdanski et al, 2012; Cardoso, Salgado, Cesar Mde, & Donado‐Pestana, 2013; Chan et al, 2006; Di Pierro, Menghi, Barreca, Lucarelli, & Calandrelli, 2009; Diepvens, Kovacs, Nijs, Vogels, & Westerterp‐Plantenga, 2005; Hovanloo, Fallah Huseini, Hedayati, & Teimourian, 2016; Hsu et al, 2008; Hsu et al, 2011; Hussain, Habib Ur, & Akhtar, 2017; Janssens et al, 2016; Kovacs, Lejeune, Nijs, & Westerterp‐Plantenga, 2004; Mombaini, Jafarirad, Husain, Haghighizadeh, & Padfar, 2017; Nabi et al, 2018; Rostamian & Bijeh, 2017; Soeizi et al, 2017; Suliburska et al, 2012; Tabatabaee et al, 2017; Toolsee et al, 2013; Venkatakrishnan et al, 2018; Vieira Senger, Schwanke, Gomes, & Valle Gottlieb, 2012) (Supplemental Figure 1).…”

“…These studies were published between 2004 and 2018. Eligible studies were performed in: Taiwan (Hsu et al, 2008;Hsu et al, 2011;Venkatakrishnan et al, 2018), Iran (Afzalpour et al, 2017;Amozadeh et al, 2018;Hovanloo et al, 2016;Hussain et al, 2017;Mombaini et al, 2017;Nabi et al, 2018;Rostamian & Bijeh, 2017;Soeizi et al, 2017), Pakistan (Hussain et al, 2017), China (Chan et al, 2006), The Netherlands (Diepvens et al, 2005;Janssens, Penders, et al, 2016;Kovacs et al, 2004), Malaysia (Al-Naggar et al, 2013), the United States of America (Basu et al, 2011), Toolsee et al, 2013), Brazil (Cardoso et al, 2013;Vieira Senger et al, 2012), Poland (Bogdanski et al, 2012;Suliburska et al, 2012), Italy (Di Pierro et al, 2009), and Thailand (Auvichayapat et al, 2008). The follow-up period ranged from 2 weeks to 5 months.…”

“…The studies involved a range of 18 to 104 participants. Chan et al, 2006;Di Pierro et al, 2009;Diepvens et al, 2005;Hovanloo et al, 2016;Hsu et al, 2008;Hsu et al, 2011;Hussain et al, 2017;Janssens, Penders, et al, 2016;Kovacs et al, 2004;Mombaini et al, 2017;Nabi et al, 2018;Rostamian & Bijeh, 2017;Soeizi et al, 2017;Suliburska et al, 2012;Tabatabaee et al, 2017;Toolsee et al, 2013;Venkatakrishnan et al, 2018;Vieira Senger et al, 2012). Most studies were rated as good quality across the Cochrane items.…”

Comparative study of anthropometric measurement and body composition between basketball players from different competitive levels: elite and sub-elite

“…On the contrary, sub-elite basketball players had slightly lower percentage of body fat than subjects from the control group, which again implies of the existence of a difference in the way of training between teams of different competitive levels. Excessive fat mass compromises physical performance [32], and with the increase in sports progression, the percentage of fat tissue decreases [33,34]. Of course, it is very important to remember that the National Strength and Conditioning Association indicates that body fat percentages should not be lowered below 7 percent, because basketball players need a certain body fat percentage to perform well enough and achieve their full playing potential.…”

A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Green Tea Combined With Physical Activity on Blood Lipids in Humans

“…We searched 271 articles and identified 31 potentially eligible trials. We included 7 of the RTC trials [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] that enrolled a total of 608 participants in the meta-analysis. All of the studies had a randomized design: four had a double--blind randomized design, one had a single-blind design, and two simply had a randomized design.…”