The Effect of Silicon on Osmotic and Drought Stress Tolerance in Wheat Landraces

Thorne, Sarah J.; Hartley, Susan; Maathuis, Frans J. M.

doi:10.3390/plants10040814

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Interestingly, Si has been shown to counteract the effects of drought stress in plant species that have a weakly ability to accumulate Si (Si excluders), such as tomato and canola. Additionally, wheat landraces that were high Si accumulators had higher levels of shoot Si compared to low accumulators, but no differences in growth or stress tolerance were observed underwater stress 39 . This suggests that the effects of Si are not proportional to its accumulation in plants and that a low amount of Si accumulation does not equate to poor function 40 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Functions of silicon in plant drought stress responses

et al. 2021

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Silicon (Si), the second most abundant element in Earth’s crust, exerts beneficial effects on the growth and productivity of a variety of plant species under various environmental conditions. However, the benefits of Si and its importance to plants are controversial due to differences among the species, genotypes, and the environmental conditions. Although Si has been widely reported to alleviate plant drought stress in both the Si-accumulating and nonaccumulating plants, the underlying mechanisms through which Si improves plant water status and maintains water balance remain unclear. The aim of this review is to summarize the morphoanatomical, physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes that are involved in plant water status that are regulated by Si in response to drought stress, especially the integrated modulation of Si-triggered drought stress responses in Si accumulators and intermediate- and excluder-type plants. The key mechanisms influencing the ability of Si to mitigate the effects of drought stress include enhancing water uptake and transport, regulating stomatal behavior and transpirational water loss, accumulating solutes and osmoregulatory substances, and inducing plant defense- associated with signaling events, consequently maintaining whole-plant water balance. This study evaluates the ability of Si to maintain water balance under drought stress conditions and suggests future research that is needed to implement the use of Si in agriculture. Considering the complex relationships between Si and different plant species, genotypes, and the environment, detailed studies are needed to understand the interactions between Si and plant responses under stress conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Functions of silicon in plant drought stress responses

et al. 2021

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“…The experimental design is summarized in figure 1, comprising 396 hydroponically grown wheat plants, 132 for each of the three cultivars. Si accumulation in response to exogenous supply varies between wheat cultivars [24], as can their allocation to other defences, depending on characteristics such as yield and history of agronomic selection [12]. We selected Coolah, EGA Gregory and Mitch supplied by Australian Grain Technologies (Roseworthy, SA, Australia) as representative cultivars: Coolah has higher yield, improved lodging and better pest tolerance than EGA Gregory, and both have broader disease tolerance than Mitch [25].…”

Section: (B) Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated atmospheric CO₂changes defence allocation in wheat but herbivore resistance persists

et al. 2022

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Predicting how plants allocate to different anti-herbivore defences in response to elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations is important for understanding future patterns of crop susceptibility to herbivory. Theories of defence allocation, especially in the context of environmental change, largely overlook the role of silicon (Si), despite it being the major anti-herbivore defence in the Poaceae . We demonstrated that elevated levels of atmospheric CO 2 (e[CO 2 ]) promoted plant growth by 33% and caused wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) to switch from Si (–19%) to phenolic (+44%) defences. Despite the lower levels of Si under e[CO 2 ], resistance to the global pest Helicoverpa armigera persisted; relative growth rates (RGRs) were reduced by at least 33% on Si-supplied plants, irrespective of CO 2 levels. RGR was negatively correlated with leaf Si concentrations. Mandible wear was c. 30% higher when feeding on Si-supplemented plants compared to those feeding on plants with no Si supply. We conclude that higher carbon availability under e[CO 2 ] reduces silicification and causes wheat to increase concentrations of phenolics. However, Si supply, at all levels, suppressed the growth of H. armigera under both CO 2 regimes, suggesting that shifts in defence allocation under future climate change may not compromise herbivore resistance in wheat.

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“…Zhang et al [ 48 ] and Alzahrani et al [ 46 ] reported that Si improved plant growth under water stress in tomato and wheat. On the contrary, Thorne et al [ 53 ] indicated that Si does not significantly affect growth during drought stress in wheat.…”

Section: Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During drought stress, treating plants with Si enhances the plant Si concentrations in high and low Si-accumulating wheat cultivars [ 53 ]. If present at high levels in the soil, Si can be accumulated in the above-ground plant tissues even in nonaccumulator species (i.e., oilseed rape [ Brassica napus L.]), and can improve water uptake under drought stress [ 54 ].…”

Section: Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Mitigates Negative Impacts of Drought and UV-B Radiation in Plants

Čermelj

Golob

Vogel‐Mikuš

et al. 2021

Plants

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Due to climate change, plants are being more adversely affected by heatwaves, floods, droughts, and increased temperatures and UV radiation. This review focuses on enhanced UV-B radiation and drought, and mitigation of their adverse effects through silicon addition. Studies on UV-B stress and addition of silicon or silicon nanoparticles have been reported for crop plants including rice, wheat, and soybean. These have shown that addition of silicon to plants under UV-B radiation stress increases the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugars, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and UV-absorbing and antioxidant compounds. Silicon also affects photosynthesis rate, proline content, metal toxicity, and lipid peroxidation. Drought is a stress factor that affects normal plant growth and development. It has been frequently reported that silicon can reduce stress caused by different abiotic factors, including drought. For example, under drought stress, silicon increases ascorbate peroxidase activity, total soluble sugars content, relative water content, and photosynthetic rate. Silicon also decreases peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities, and malondialdehyde content. The effects of silicon on drought and concurrently UV-B stressed plants has not yet been studied in detail, but initial studies show some stress mitigation by silicon.

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The Effect of Silicon on Osmotic and Drought Stress Tolerance in Wheat Landraces

Cited by 32 publications

References 66 publications

Functions of silicon in plant drought stress responses

Functions of silicon in plant drought stress responses

Elevated atmospheric CO₂changes defence allocation in wheat but herbivore resistance persists

Silicon Mitigates Negative Impacts of Drought and UV-B Radiation in Plants

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The Effect of Silicon on Osmotic and Drought Stress Tolerance in Wheat Landraces

Cited by 32 publications

References 66 publications

Functions of silicon in plant drought stress responses

Functions of silicon in plant drought stress responses

Elevated atmospheric CO2changes defence allocation in wheat but herbivore resistance persists

Silicon Mitigates Negative Impacts of Drought and UV-B Radiation in Plants

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Elevated atmospheric CO₂changes defence allocation in wheat but herbivore resistance persists