The Effect of Sintering Conditions on the Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 Ceramic

Azhar, Wan Yusoff Wan; Sharif, Nur Shafiza Afzan; J., Mohamed Julie; Hutagalung, Sabar D.; Ahmad, Zainal Arifin; Abdullah, M. Z.; Mohamad, Hasmaliza

doi:10.15282/jmes.6.2014.16.0086

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Recently, Lewinski’s group from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academic of Science and Technology employed an effective method of preparing perovskites using a one-step mechanochemical process [ 122 ]. This process makes it possible to synthesize a variety of functional hybrid OI materials, which are potentially of great interest for various energy sectors.…”

Section: Green Synthetic Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Synthesis and Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskites for Photovoltaics

2018

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The progress made by the scientific community in emerging photovoltaic technologies over the past two decades has been outstanding. Numerous methods have been developed for the preparation of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells. The power conversion efficiency has been up to 14% by a one-step vacuum deposition technique. A serious concern is the toxicity of the materials. In this review, several methods aimed at resolving these problems to some extent have been compiled, including eco-friendly synthesis. Further efficiency enhancements are expected following optimization, and a better fundamental understanding of the internal electron charge transfer, electron–hole diffusion to the corresponding layers, flexibility, and stability-dependent bandgaps is reported. This paper explores the green synthesis of organic–inorganic perovskites for industrialization. Concerning the above facts, a simple low-cost model called “dispersed photovoltaic cells” is presented.

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Section: Green Synthetic Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Synthesis and Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskites for Photovoltaics

2018

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“…Many researchers have used conventional sintering [3][4][5][6]. Newer processes exist such as plastic sintering, liquid phase sintering, spark plasma sintering and pressureless sintering [7][8][9][10]. However, microwave heating is different from all of the conventional ones in the way heat is transferred, which is by radiation and convection heating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The viability of microwave sintering process to produce a ceramic tool insert

Thauri¹,

Baharudin²,

Leman³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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Microwave processing of ceramics is fast emerging as a new field of ceramic processing and material synthesis. The past year has witnessed significant progress in the aspects of commercialization and application of the technology in new areas. Due to that reason, several experiments were conducted on microwave heating of ceramics. The aim of the study is to investigate i) whether microwave is a viable alternative to produce sintering parts, ii) the effect of soaking time on the properties of the sample, and iii) the influence of several binders including nickel, ferum, chromium and cobalt to tungsten carbide cermets. The study involved studying the density, hardness and microstructure of the sintered samples. The samples were compacted using an Instron machine at 200 MPa in a cylindrical shape using pallet press with a height of 10 mm and a diameter of 20 mm and sintered in microwave hybrid sintering at 1450°C for two different soaking time (10 min and 20 min). The soaking time of 10 min showed better density, hardness and microstructural results compared to those of 20 min. In comparing between the binders, Ni and Fe (Ni-Fe) showed better results compared to Ni and Cr. While cobalt, nickel and ferum (Co-Ni-Fe) had enhanced results compared to Co and Cr (Co-Cr). Although there are a lot of research studies on several other binders, there is still no finding on the use of microwave hybrid sintering to sinter different mixing binders of tungsten carbide cermets. Therefore, in this research, it is believed that the use of microwave hybrid sintering is viable to sinter tungsten carbide cermets with different binders. The density result showed that each composition of the sintered density was higher compared to green density, which increased by 30% than the green density on average. On the other hand, the hardness results from the commercial cutting tool for tungsten carbide cermet was in the range of 80 to 92 HRA and the highest result for hardness in this research was 84.3 HRA, which means that the insert can be used for commercial use depending on the application.

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“…However, one of the major factors that limits the full exploitation of HA ceramics as implants is the brittle nature of the material. As a result of its low fracture toughness (0.8 to 1.2 MPa.m 1/2 ) and flexural strength (< 130 MPa) [2,3], the application of hydroxyapatite is confined to nonload-bearing members and unstressed regions of the body [3][4][5]. A great deal of research has been done to control the properties of the precursor powders used to produce HA ceramics, as it is critical in determining the microstructure of the sintered ceramics, which in turn influences the physical and mechanical properties of the material [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of powder morphology and sintering temperature on the properties of hydroxyapatite

Chew¹,

Niakan²,

Nawawi³

et al. 2015

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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The effect of sintering two hydroxyapatite (HA) powders (designated HAC and HAS) of contrasting morphology, at temperatures ranging from 1000°C to 1450°C, on the phase stability of the material was investigated. Pellets were prepared by cold isostatic pressing of the powders at 200 MPa and subsequently sintering in air at a heating rate of 2°C/min. and a holding time of 2 hours. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that decomposition of the HA was dependent on the morphology of the precursor powders. The decomposition of the HAS powder started to occur at a lower sintering temperature of 1300°C, whereas the HAC powder only decomposes at 1400°C. Both powders formed residual phases of tri-calcium phosphates and tetra-calcium phosphate due to decomposition. The possible factors controlling the decomposition mechanism of the HA powders are also discussed.

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The Effect of Sintering Conditions on the Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 Ceramic

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Recent Advances in Synthesis and Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskites for Photovoltaics

Recent Advances in Synthesis and Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskites for Photovoltaics

The viability of microwave sintering process to produce a ceramic tool insert

Influence of powder morphology and sintering temperature on the properties of hydroxyapatite

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