The effect of slow‐paced breathing on stress management in adolescents with intellectual disability

Laborde, Sylvain; Allen, Mark S.; Gohring, N; Dosseville, Fabrice

doi:10.1111/jir.12350

Cited by 51 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, it would be important to know what to do when the vagal tank is depleted. A fix of self-regulation failure could be realized for example with a mindfulness training ( Brewer et al, 2009 ; Libby et al, 2012 ) or with slow paced breathing ( Wells et al, 2012 ; Laborde et al, 2017a ), which would contribute to increasing cardiac vagal control. We would like to conclude with the words of Kurt Lewin: “There is nothing as practical as a good theory” ( Lewin, 1952 , p. 346), and we hope that the heuristic visualization offered by the vagal tank theory may help people to become aware on how to take action on their self-regulation abilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal Tank Theory: The Three Rs of Cardiac Vagal Control Functioning – Resting, Reactivity, and Recovery

2018

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The aim of this paper is to set the stage for the vagal tank theory, showcasing a functional resource account for self-regulation. The vagal tank theory, building on neurophysiological, cognitive and social psychology approaches, will introduce a physiological indicator for self-regulation that has mainly been ignored from cognitive and social psychology, cardiac vagal control (also referred to as cardiac vagal activity). Cardiac vagal control reflects the contribution of the vagus nerve, the main nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system, to cardiac regulation. We propose cardiac vagal control to be an indicator of how efficiently self-regulatory resources are mobilized and used. Three systematic levels of cardiac vagal control analysis are suggested: resting, reactivity, and recovery. Based on this physiological indicator we derive the metaphor of the vagal tank, which can get depleted and replenished. Overall, the vagal tank theory will enable to integrate previous findings from different disciplines and to stimulate new research questions, predictions, and designs regarding self-regulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal Tank Theory: The Three Rs of Cardiac Vagal Control Functioning – Resting, Reactivity, and Recovery

2018

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“…Respiratory rate is one respiratory parameter that is both modified by affective state (Kreibig, 2010) and may influence it (e.g., Van Diest et al, 2014). Because of that, volitional slow breathing is widely used as an affect regulation tool (e.g., Chen, Huang, Chien, & Cheng, 2016;Laborde, Allen, Göhring, & Dosseville, 2016;Van Dixhoorn, 2007). In recent years, breathing around a frequency of 0.1 Hz (six breaths per minute) has been of particular interest in both basic and applied research because this frequency exerts a unique influence on the amplitude of cardiovascular oscillations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of breathing at a frequency of 0.1 Hz on affective state, the cardiovascular system, and adequacy of ventilation

Szulczewski

Rynkiewicz

2018

Psychophysiology

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The present study aimed to investigate changes induced by breathing at 0.1 Hz in affective state, cardiovascular activity, and adequacy of ventilation as well as the relation between changes in peripheral physiological processes and alteration of affect. Eighty-three participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Two groups doing paced breathing at 0.1 Hz, one with and the other without a cover story hiding the goal of the experiment, and, as a control, paced breathing at 0.28 Hz. We measured the effects of breathing at 0.1 Hz on affective state (unpleasant and pleasant arousals), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), sympathetic control of the heart (preejection period, PEP), and adequacy of ventilation as measured by partial pressure of end-tidal CO (PetCO ). The use of a cover story did not influence the effects of paced breathing on the study outcomes. In the 0.1 Hz groups, unpleasant arousal decreased only among men. Changes in RSA were not related to changes in affect. Respiratory frequency did not influence PEP. However, changes in PEP were inversely related to changes in pleasant arousal. PetCO decreased in all conditions, and a larger drop in PetCO predicted a greater decrease in unpleasant arousal. The results obtained corroborate previous findings showing that slow paced breathing may lead to moderate hyperventilation among untrained participants and suggest that hyperventilation during breathing at 0.1 Hz is not deep enough to produce an increase in affective arousal.

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“…Biomarkers can be used to show whether a new or adapted treatment acts through/upon an assumed mechanism, thus providing proof-of-principle before embarking on full-scale trials. Such approaches are rarely used in ID research, but their usefulness is demonstrated by a study of slow-paced breathing, a simple but potentially effective stress-management strategy that often forms part of interventions for stress and anxiety (Laborde et al 2016 ). These authors measured cardiac efferent vagal tone (through heart rate variability) to show that this technique can potentially reduce stress in young individuals with intellectual disabilities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New horizons for mental health research in intellectual disabilities

Strydom

Melville²

2017

J intellect Disabil Res

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The effect of slow‐paced breathing on stress management in adolescents with intellectual disability

Cited by 51 publications

References 37 publications

Vagal Tank Theory: The Three Rs of Cardiac Vagal Control Functioning – Resting, Reactivity, and Recovery

Vagal Tank Theory: The Three Rs of Cardiac Vagal Control Functioning – Resting, Reactivity, and Recovery

The effects of breathing at a frequency of 0.1 Hz on affective state, the cardiovascular system, and adequacy of ventilation

New horizons for mental health research in intellectual disabilities

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