The effect of social investment on treatment outcome.

Longabaugh, Richard; Beattie, Martha; Noel, Nora E.; Stout, Robert L.; Malloy, Paul F.

doi:10.15288/jsa.1993.54.465

Cited by 170 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In clients with AUDs, social network can influence the likelihood of maintaining abstinence, as well as the overall quality of life following addiction treatment (Beattie and Longabaugh, 1997;Longabaugh et al, 1993;Longabaugh and Beattie, 1986;Zywiak et al, 2002). In the present study, clients seeking treatment for an AUD were classified based on unobserved patterning of their pretreatment social network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empirical studies that use a variable-centered approach to studying social support networks have identified abstinence role models, larger social networks, and the number of supportive relationships as most predictive of positive outcomes (Zywiak et al, 2002). Yet, persons who do not interact with their social network routinely, or do not rely on others for support and reinforcement, do not appear to benefit from models of abstinence as much as individuals who do (Longabaugh et al, 1993;Longabaugh and Beattie, 1986). This suggests that social support characteristics, both within and across network members, may dynamically contribute to behavioral outcomes of an individual (e.g., RadkeYarrow, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Social Networks and Their Influence on Drinking Behaviors: Differences Related to Cognitive Impairment in Clients Receiving Alcoholism Treatment

Buckman

Bates

Cisler

2007

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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Objective-Mechanisms of behavioral change that support positive addiction treatment outcomes in individuals with co-occurring alcohol-use disorders and cognitive impairment remain largely unknown. This article combines person-and variable-centered approaches to examine the interrelated influence of cognitive impairment and social support on stability of and changes in drinking behaviors of Project MATCH (Matching Alcoholism Treatments to Client Heterogeneity) outpatients and aftercare clients (N= 1, 726) during the first year after their entry into treatment.Method-Latent class analysis identified homogeneous groups of clients based on the nature and extent of social support for abstinence or drinking at treatment entry. Cognitive impairment and drinking outcomes were compared across latent classes, and the interaction between impairment and social support on drinking outcomes was examined using mixture probit regression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Networks and Their Influence on Drinking Behaviors: Differences Related to Cognitive Impairment in Clients Receiving Alcoholism Treatment

Buckman

Bates

Cisler

2007

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…This variable does reflect social function of the recipients. 33 Variables reflecting in-low-risk group (14%, 7/51 recidivism) ( Table 1). The predictive value of the number of alcoholic sisters in our total creased social function appear to increase the tendency toward posttreatment abstinence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of abstinence from ethanol in alcoholic recipients following liver transplantation

Foster¹,

Fabrega²,

Karademir³

et al. 1997

Hepatology

150

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End-stage liver disease secondary to alcoholic cirrhosis conThe prediction of abstinence from ethanol may be tinues to be a significant cause of death. 1 Most alcoholics with crucial to the optimal selection of liver transplantation end-stage liver disease do not have significant extrahepatic candidates with alcoholism. Of 84 consecutive end-stage complications of ethanol abuse. 2 Therefore, these patients are alcoholic patients who underwent transplantation not usually excluded because of other terminal medical condi-(1986-1994) at our institution, we analyzed 63 long-surtions, and many times will die shortly without transplantaviving recipients for pretransplantation variables to tion intervention. 2 Furthermore, excellent survival following predict posttransplantation abstinence (follow-up: 49.3 liver transplantation is noted with alcoholic recipients. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Be-{ 21 mo). Thirty-three pretransplantation variables cause these patients usually have liver disease solely because were reviewed from our transplantation data base and of the intake of a toxin (ie, ethanol), abstinence from this supplemented and confirmed with interviews with retoxin usually predicts minimal problems with liver disease cipients. The psycho-social inclusion criteria included following liver transplantation. The appropriate allocation of the following: patient recognition of alcoholism, a domiliver transplantation to specific alcoholic patients is made cile, an occupation, and at least one close personal relamore difficult by the large number of patients with end-stage tionship. The incidence of abstinence from ethanol was alcoholic cirrhosis and the intense demand for donor organs (50/63) 79%. A logistic regression of the 33 variables in for other end-stage liver diseases in which disease recurrence conjunction with our above inclusion criteria accurately may be less likely or more predictable. 12-14 Herein lies the predicted abstinence (90% accuracy, x 2 model, P õ problem that besets transplantation physicians: the appro-.00001) based on the absence of previous history of any priate selection of alcoholics with end-stage liver disease for illicit drug use (Drug Use: yes Å 1/no Å 0), the presence transplantation based on the prediction of long-term abstiof an active, personal life insurance policy (Life Ins: yes nence from alcohol. number of alcoholic sisters (ETOH-SIS), andThe aims of this study are to describe the following: 1) the the length of pretransplantation abstinence (PREresults of liver transplantation for patients with alcoholic TRANS-ABS, mos): Prob. of abstinence Å 1/1 / e 0F , F Å end-stage liver disease (survival, the incidence of abstinence, 00.33 / 0.89 (DRUG USE) 01.02 (LIFE INS) 01.68 (ETOHand pattern of recidivism); and 2) an analysis of pretrans-SIS) /0.24 (PRE-TRANS-ABS). In contrast, receiver-opplantation variables that may predict abstinence from alcohol erating characteristic curve analysis found that 7 and 9 following transplantation. months of pretransplantation abstinence were the be...

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“…A number of variables have been found to predict negative posttreatment outcomes in alcoholic patients who do not receive liver transplants, including history of frequent relapse, presence of DSM-IV axis I psychopathology, lack of social support, low self-efficacy, poor coping skills, and low motivation. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] We plan to determine whether these predictive risk factors, which have been associated with relapse in alcoholic patients who do not receive liver transplants, also predict relapse in alcoholic patients who have had liver transplants.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current research in the treatment of alcoholism in liver transplant recipients

Weinrieb¹

1997

Liver Transplantation

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Combined efforts from nearly all branches of medical science over the last 30 years have brought practitioners of transplant medicine from the first human liver transplantation to a point today where 5-year survival rates exceed 70%. Curiously, after so much admirable progress, there are no studies in the pretransplant or posttransplant literature that address the treatment of the most common cause of end-stage liver disease in the western world, alcoholism.In the United States, alcoholism affects approximately 5% to 10% of all male drinkers and 3% to 5% of all female drinkers, resulting in costs of more than $130 billion annually. These costs are made up of direct treatment expenses as well as costs attributable to morbidity, mortality, and loss of job productivity. A significant proportion of those costs result from liver transplantation in alcoholic patients. Controversy over the value of transplantation in alcoholic patients is further influenced by studies in the literature reporting posttransplant relapse rates varying from 10% to 80%. Unfortunately, these figures are difficult to interpret because the lack of rigorous methodology in most studies. Considering the staggering costs of transplantation, the serious shortages of available organs, and the diversity of opinions in the literature, it is imperative to study rigorously the impact of alcoholism treatment in this special population.In the early 1980s, our group initiated research of naltrexone (ReVia; Dupont Pharma, Wilmington, DE) in conjunction with psychotherapy for treatment of alcoholism. 1,2 Naltrexone is an opiate-receptor antagonist that originally received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the treatment of opioid dependence in 1983. Unfortunately, despite naltrexone' s clearly effective pharmacological ability to block the effects of exogenously administered opiates, in actual practice naltrexone has not been accepted by most heroin addicts. Although it has become the treatment of choice for opiate dependence among physicians, nurses, and pharmacists who must work around opioids regularly, naltrexone is rarely prescribed for typical street heroin addicts. Studies at our site in the treatment of alcoholism with naltrexone showed that naltrexone significantly reduced heavy drinking. Our findings were replicated, resulting in the recent FDA approval of naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence. This was the first medication approved by the FDA for the treatment of alcoholism since disulfiram was approved more than 45 years ago.In the remainder of this article, we review pertinent aspects of how these findings are currently being applied to the study of alcoholic patients who have received liver transplants. The primary purpose of this article is to provide the background information and rationale for the design of this recently initiated study. We first describe the path to these discoveries by illustrating how the biopsychosocial model of addictions was linked to basic science research and subsequently culminated in the c...

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The effect of social investment on treatment outcome.

Cited by 170 publications

References 18 publications

Social Networks and Their Influence on Drinking Behaviors: Differences Related to Cognitive Impairment in Clients Receiving Alcoholism Treatment

Social Networks and Their Influence on Drinking Behaviors: Differences Related to Cognitive Impairment in Clients Receiving Alcoholism Treatment

Prediction of abstinence from ethanol in alcoholic recipients following liver transplantation

Current research in the treatment of alcoholism in liver transplant recipients

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