The Effect of Socio-Economic Predictors of Chronic Diseases in Ghana: Results of a Nationwide Survey

Saeed, Bashiru I. I.; Abdul-Aziz, A. R.; Nguah, Samuel Blay; Zhao, Xicang

doi:10.5539/gjhs.v5n5p115

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Obesity has been identified as independent risk factor to diabetes in previous studies from Ghana [15, 16]. This was also supported by our study where obesity was associated with more than threefold increase in the odds of being diabetic in the general population and fivefold among women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and determinants of diabetes among older adults in Ghana

2016

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BackgroundDiabetes is one of the leading non-communicable diseases in Africa, contributing to the increasing disease burden among the old adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of diabetes among adults aged 50 years and above in Ghana.MethodsA cross sectional study based on data collected from Study of Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) Wave 1 from 2007 to 2008. Data was collected from 5565 respondents of whom 4135 were aged 50+ years identified using a multistage stratified clusters design. Bivariate and hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association of the determinants and diabetes.ResultsThe weighted prevalence of diabetes among the adults aged 50 years and above in Ghana was 3.95% (95% Confidence Interval: 3.35–4.55) with the prevalence being insignificantly higher in females than males (2.16%, 95% CI: 1.69–2.76 vs. 1.73%, 95% CI: 1.28–2.33). Low level of physical activity (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 2.11, 95% CI: 1.21–3.69) and obesity (AOR 4.81, 95% CI: 1.92–12.0) were associated with increased odds of diabetes among women while old age (AOR 2.58, 95% CI: 1.29–5.18) and university (AOR 12.8, 95% CI: 4.20–39.1), secondary (AOR 3.61, 95% CI: 1.38–9.47) and primary education (AOR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.02–7.19) were associated with increased the odds of diabetes among men.ConclusionThe prevalence of diabetes among old adults shows a similar trend with that of the general population. However, the prevalence may have been underestimated due to self-reporting and a high rate of undiagnosed diabetes. In addition, the determinants of diabetes among older adults are a clear indication of the need for diabetes prevention programme targeting the young people and that are gender specific to reduce the burden of diabetes at old age. Physical activity and nutrition should be emphasised in any prevention strategy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and determinants of diabetes among older adults in Ghana

2016

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“…Lipid abnormalities have been implicated in the causation of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis [8–12]. Studies in Ghana (albeit few), have estimated that between 3.3 and 6% of the general population has diabetes with the prevalence increasing with age and is higher in urban areas [13, 14]. The exodus from rural to urban communities continue to increase in Ghana [15, 16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslipidaemia is common among patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study at Tema Port Clinic

Ofori

Owusu-Ababio²,

Tagoe

et al. 2019

BMC Res Notes

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Objective This study aimed to evaluate dyslipidemia in Ghanaian subjects with type 2 diabetes. Results Hundred individuals with type 2 diabetes and 61 apparently healthy controls participated. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia among persons with type 2 diabetes was 53%. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were higher in persons with type 2 diabetes compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Positive correlations were found within persons with type 2 diabetes for triglyceride vs FBG; ALT vs age and aspartate transaminase (AST) vs TG (p < 0.05 respectively). This study demonstrated hyperlipidemia and poor liver health in persons with type 2 diabetes.

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“…2 The prevalence in Ghana has recently been estimated to be 3% of the country's general populace. 3 Metabolic disturbances that commonly occur in patients with type 2 diabetes are atherogenic dyslipidaemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance, and a prothrombotic state. 4,5 This prothrombotic state is a more recently recognized component of the metabolic syndrome; people with metabolic syndrome exhibit a pattern of coagulation factors that promote thrombosis or retard thrombolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High risk of coagulopathy among Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus clients at a municipal hospital in Ghana

Ephraim¹,

Awuku²,

Adu³

et al. 2017

Ghana Medical Journal

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SUMMARYBackground: Persistent hyperglycaemia in diabetes mellitus causes coagulopathies due to glycation of haemoglobin, prothrombin, fibrinogen and other proteins involved in the clotting mechanism. Shortened activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) reflect hypercoagulable state, which is associated with an increased thrombotic risk and adverse cardiovascular effects. This study assessed the coagulation profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) clients at a municipal hospital in Ghana. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted from January to April 2015 at the Agona Swedru Municipal Hospital. Sixty (60) persons with T2DM and 40 without were recruited and screened using appropriate protocols. Blood samples were collected for coagulation and biochemical tests. Demographic and clinical information were collected using pre-tested questionnaire. Data was analyzed with GraphPad Prism version 5. Results: APTT and PT were significantly shorter among patients with T2DM compared to those without (20.88 ± 5.19 v 31.23 ± 5.41, P=0.0001; and 11.03 ± 2.06sec v 14.46 ± 1.86, P=0.0001 respectively). INR was decreased among patients with T2DM compared to those without (0.83 ± 0.18 v 1.13 ± 0.17, P=0.0001). No significant difference was found in platelet count between T2DM and non-diabetics (179.85 ± 66.15×10 3 /mm 3 v 168.55 ± 35.77×10

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The Effect of Socio-Economic Predictors of Chronic Diseases in Ghana: Results of a Nationwide Survey

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and determinants of diabetes among older adults in Ghana

Prevalence and determinants of diabetes among older adults in Ghana

Dyslipidaemia is common among patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study at Tema Port Clinic

High risk of coagulopathy among Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus clients at a municipal hospital in Ghana

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