The Effect of Soft and Rigid Cervical Collars on Head and Neck Immobilization in Healthy Subjects

Barati, Kourosh; Arazpour, Mokhtar; Vameghi, Roshanak; Abdoli, Ali; Farmani, Farzad

doi:10.4184/asj.2017.11.3.390

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The soft cervical collar is comprised of a soft foam material, a fabric covering the foam, and a Velcro strap (Fig. 1) [12,13]. The strap is mostly fastened at the back but can also be placed at the front, depending on the user's preference.…”

Section: Soft Cervical Collarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients wearing a soft cervical collar can experience feelings of warmth and psychological comfort owing to the fabric sheathing [14]. However, soft cervical collars cannot significantly restrict the cervical spine's range of motion, thus falling short in providing sufficient structural support [12,14]. Therefore, they are used to manage muscle pain and spasms due to spondylosis or minor trauma and as an initial treatment for whiplash injuries.…”

Section: Soft Cervical Collarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Philadelphia collar, which usually comprises of a solid plastic sheet, limits a greater range of movements compared to the soft cervical collar (Fig. 2) [12]. It is vertically reinforced from the chin to the manubrium in the front and shaped to cover the area from the external protuberance of the occipital bone to the upper part of the spine of the scapula at the back.…”

Section: Philadelphia Collarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of orthoses for treatment in patients with spinal pain

Choo

Lee

2020

Yeungnam Univ J Med

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Spinal pain is a common patient complaint in clinical practice. Conservative treatment methods include oral medication, physical therapy, injections, and spinal orthoses. The clinical application of orthoses is debated because of potential complications associated with long-term use, such as muscle weakness and joint contracture. We reviewed the orthoses most frequently used to manage spinal pain. We review the use of soft cervical and Philadelphia collars, lumbosacral corsets, and thoracolumbosacral orthosis to manage spinal pain. Spinal orthoses can help reduce pain by protecting the muscles and joints of the injured spinal region, preventing or correcting malformations, and limiting trunk flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation. The short-term use of spinal orthoses is known to improve pain and disability during the treatment period without significant adverse effects. Spinal orthoses are expected to alleviate pain and improve patients' lifestyle.

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Section: Soft Cervical Collarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soft Cervical Collarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Philadelphia Collarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of orthoses for treatment in patients with spinal pain

Choo

Lee

2020

Yeungnam Univ J Med

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“…The rigid or semirigid collars (made of soft material) represent the main assistance technology for the cervical injuries treatment. Nevertheless, there are some drawbacks in using these collars [18]. In particular, the continuous immobilization in all planes can lead to sacral pressure points, heel and elbow breakdown, risk of deep venous thrombosis, muscle atrophy, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impedance Adaptive Controller for a Prototype of a Whiplash Syndrome Rehabilitation Device

Guzman-Victoria

Salgado

Mera

et al. 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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The objective of this study was to design of an output based impedance adaptive controller for a special class of cervical orthoses, a class of biomedical devices for the rehabilitation of neck illnesses. The controller used the adaptive sliding mode theory to enforce the tracking of the reference trajectory if the patient was not resistant to the therapy. If the patient rejects the orthosis activity, a second impedance-based controller governs the orthosis movement allowing the patient to take the leading role in the orthosis sequence of movements. The proposed controller considers a weighted controller combining the tracking and the impedance controls in a single structure. The monitoring of the external force was evaluated on a novel weighting function defining on-line the role of each controller. The proposed orthosis was motivated by the prevalence of whiplash, which is a syndrome that is produced by forced hyperextension and hyperflexion of the neck. This study included the development of a technological prototype of the orthotic type to support the recovery of patients diagnosed with whiplash. The sections that make up the orthotic device are two independent systems that move the patient’s head in the sagittal and frontal planes. For this purpose, the mechanical structure of the cervical orthosis was made up of 7 pieces printed in 3D with polylactic acid (PLA). The operation of the cervical orthosis was evaluated in two sections: (a) using a simulation system, which consists of a spring with an artificial head and the development of a graphic interface in Matlab, and (b) evaluating the controller on the proposed orthosis. With these elements, the follow-up of the trajectory proposed by the actuators was evaluated, as well as its performance in the face of the opposition that a patient generates. The superiority of the proposed controller was confirmed by comparing the tracking efficiency with proportional-integral-derivative and first-order sliding variants.

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“…Stabilisation of the cervical spine in case of suspected spine injury is one of the basic procedures that should be performed by paramedics while securing a trauma patient [1,2]. One of the most common methods for securing the cervical spine is the cervical collar, which is intended to assist the rescuer with the maintenance of neutral alignment, prevention for lateral sway and anterior-posterior flexion and extension of the cervical spine during transport and routine patient care on movement [3][4][5]. In many cases, however, patients with head injuries experience altered consciousness and obstruction of the airway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Cervical Collar Application Impact on the Conditions of Intubation and the Feelings of Patients — Pilot Study

Ladny¹,

Smereka

Szarpak

et al. 2018

Disaster Emerg Med J

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INTRODUCTION: Securing the stability of the cervical spine is one of the basic procedures performed by medical personnel in trauma patients. Unfortunately, standard cervical collars limit the effectiveness of some procedures, including endotracheal intubation, as well as affect the pain sensations of the injured person. The aim of the study was to compare the influence of two different types of cervical collars on the technical conditions of endotracheal intubation and the patient's sense of comfort. METHOD: The study was designed as a randomised, cross-over research and included 32 healthy paramedics, who had a cervical collar installed for 20 minutes in a randomised way. During the examination, the patient's comfort and pain resulting from the pressure on mastoid processes were evaluated. RESULTS: Prior to the study, the mouth opening in the examined group was 51 ± 12 mm. After the setup of the Patriot collar, the mouth opening amounted to 37 ± 10 mm, while in the NECKLITE collar group amounted to 49 ± 13 mm (p < 0.001). The use of a cervical collar reduced the degree of mouth opening by 27% when using a standard cervical collar, and less than 4% when using a NECKLITE collar. The pressure on the mastoid processes assessed on a 10-point scale varied between the cervical collars and amounted to 7 ± 2 points for Patriot and 1 ± 1 points for NECKLITE collar (p < 0.001). The pain sensations associated with the cervical collar were also varied and amounted to 6 ± 3 points for Patriot collar vs. 1 ± 1 points for NECKLITE collar (p < 0.001). Ninety-seven per cent of study participants declared, that they preferred the NECKLITE collar comparing to the Patriot cervical collar. CONCLUSIONS: A standard cervical collar causes an increase in pain due to the pressure on the mastoid processes and a sense of discomfort for the patient. The NECKLITE collar thanks to the possibility of better fit to the patient's neck, does not cause any pain, and using this collar it is possible to perform endotracheal intubation without the need to unfasten it.

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The Effect of Soft and Rigid Cervical Collars on Head and Neck Immobilization in Healthy Subjects

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Effectiveness of orthoses for treatment in patients with spinal pain

Effectiveness of orthoses for treatment in patients with spinal pain

Impedance Adaptive Controller for a Prototype of a Whiplash Syndrome Rehabilitation Device

Assessment of the Cervical Collar Application Impact on the Conditions of Intubation and the Feelings of Patients — Pilot Study

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