The Effect of Sore Throat on Changes of Vowel Sounds

Setiawan, Hendra; Sutono, Sutono

doi:10.26760/elkomika.v9i1.87

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…While in this present study mean pitch F0 for vowels /e/, /i/, /o/ were found to be significant for female subjects as discussed above. On the contrary, results of present study are not in line with those reported by authors in [ 37 ] where authors reported decreases in F0 in case of male subjects due to sore throat. Reason for this may be due to increase in volume of inflamed tissues due to intracellular spaces being invaded by inflammatory exudates consisting of WBCs and fluid.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Existing study also observed that vowels /e/, /o/ and /u/ were most affected by COVID-19 infection for both genders and vowel /i/ was the least affected. This result is partly in line with findings of [ 37 ] where the authors investigated the effect of sore throat on all 5 vowels produced by male subjects and reported that vowel /a/ was most affected and vowel /i/ was the least affected vowel in the sore throat condition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Also, group differences in vowels /i/and /e/indicated variation in F0 and HNR and that in vowels /o/and /u/indicated variation in Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and the spectral slope [ 36 ]. To study changes in pitch, formant, and spectrum patterns due to larynx disorders, authors in [ 37 ] analyzed vowels /a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, and /o/, which are considered dominant sounds in the Indonesian language. They compared vowels produced by 7 male subjects suffering from sore throat with their after-recovery vowels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voice processing for COVID-19 scanning and prognostic indicator

Sondhi

Salhan

Santoso

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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COVID-19 pandemic has posed serious risk of contagion to humans. There is a need to find reliable non-contact tests like vocal correlates of COVID-19 infection. Thirty-six Asian ethnic volunteers 16 (8M & 8F) infected subjects and 20 (10M &10F) non-infected controls participated in this study by vocalizing vowels /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/. Voice correlates of 16 COVID-19 positive patients were compared during infection and after recovery with 20 non-infected controls. Compared to non-infected controls, significantly higher values of energy intensity for /o/ ( p = 0.048); formant F1 for /o/ ( p = 0.014); and formant F3 for /u/ ( p = 0.032) were observed in male patients, while higher values of Jitter (local, abs) for /o/ ( p = 0.021) and Jitter (ppq5) for /a/ ( p = 0.014) were observed in female patients. However, formant F2 for /u/ ( p = 0.018), mean pitch F0 for /e/, /i/ and /o/ ( p = 0.033; 0.036; 0.047) decreased for female patients under infection. Compared to recovered conditions, HNR for /e/ ( p = 0.014) was higher in male patients under infection, while Jitter (rap) for /a/ ( p = 0.041); Jitter (ppq5) for /a/ ( p = 0.032); Shimmer (local, dB) for /i/ ( p = 0.024); Shimmer (apq5) for /u/ ( p = 0.019); and formant F4 for vowel /o/ ( p = 0.022) were higher in female patients under infection. However, HNR for /e/ ( p = 0.041); and formant F1 for /o/ ( p = 0.002) were lower in female patients compared to their recovered conditions. Obtained results support the hypothesis since changes in voice parameters were observed in the infected patients which can be correlated to a combination of acoustic measures like fundamental frequency, formant characteristics, HNR, and voice perturbations like jitter and shimmer for different vowels. Thus, voice analysis can be used for scanning and prognosis of COVID-19 infection. Based on the findings of this study, a mobile application can be developed to analyze human voice in real-time to detect COVID-19 symptoms for remedial measures and necessary action.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voice processing for COVID-19 scanning and prognostic indicator

Sondhi

Salhan

Santoso

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Identification of Basic Respiratory Patterns for Disease-related Symptoms Through a Microphone Device

Khatkhate¹,

Raut²,

Jadhav³

et al. 2022

J. Engg. Res. & Sci.

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The research in this paper focuses on the capture of respiratory patterns in real-time through a minor modification of an anti-snoring device that is readily available off the shelf or can be bought online and attaching a microphone to it. The audio pattern is recorded for the various lung conditions at different stages. The data recorded is generated in graphical form to understand the pattern. The setup for recording and generating data patterns is explained in the paper. The procedure for using the device and gathering data is mentioned in detail in this paper and sample raw data is presented for researchers. The purpose of this device is easy data collection and interpretation for selfdiagnosis of the anomalies in the breathing pattern through audio data and display of the patterns in smartphone applications that can further be investigated by a physician.

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The Effect of Sore Throat on Changes of Vowel Sounds

Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gangguan tenggorokan terhadap perubahan karakteristik suara yang diucapkan. Karakteristik suara pada penelitian dibatasi pada aspek pitch, formant, dan pola spektrum. Spektrum suara yang

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Voice processing for COVID-19 scanning and prognostic indicator

Voice processing for COVID-19 scanning and prognostic indicator

Identification of Basic Respiratory Patterns for Disease-related Symptoms Through a Microphone Device

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