The effect of soy isoflavones and soy isoflavones plus soy protein on serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor‐α? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

In this study, we summarized the effect of soy isoflavones and soy isoflavones plus soy protein on serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) among adult participants. We systematically searched Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and clinicaltrials.gov for articles published up to May 2020. Effect size was calculated by mean change from baseline of TNF-α concentrations and its standard deviation (SD) for intervention and comparison groups. If the heterogeneity test was statistically significant, DerSimonian and Laird random effects model was used to estimate the summary of the overall effects and its heterogeneity. Nineteen and fourteen randomized clinical trials were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. The result of overall effect size indicated a nonsignificant effect in serum concentration of TNF-α following soy isoflavones intake (WMD = 0.2 pg/ml, 95% CI: −0.13, 0.53; p = .226) and the combination of soy isoflavones and soy protein intake (WMD = 0.02 pg/ml, 95% CI: −0.02, 0.06; p = .286). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant change in circulatory levels of TNF-α following soy isoflavones plus soy protein intake. In conclusion, the present systematic review and meta-analysis found insufficient evidence that soy isoflavones or the combination of soy isoflavones and soy protein significantly reduce serum concentration of TNF-α.

The effects of phytochemicals and herbal bio-active compounds on tumour necrosis factor-α in overweight and obese individuals: a clinical review

“…Soy milk digested with pepsin and pancreatin inhibited the production of IL-1β, nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase, and COX-2 (Chatterjee et al, 2018;González-Montoya, Hernández-Ledesma, Silván, Mora-Escobedo, & Martínez-Villaluenga, 2018). A meta-analysis, which analyzed findings of 18 clinical trials, showed that soy isoflavones and soy isoflavones plus soy protein had no significant effects on serum TNF-α (Hariri, Baradaran, & Gholami, 2021). In a double-blind, randomized controlled study, 63 overweight or obese individuals were supplemented with 2500 mg soybeans daily or 2500 mg starch in the control group for 8 weeks.…”

Flavonoids as Potential Antiviral Agents for Porcine Viruses

“…For example, ISF suppresses arterial stiffness, regulating intestinal flora and mimicking estrogen via its special structure to affect the physiological state of animals [107,108]. In addition, recent studies showed that ISF demonstrated immune modulation, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties [56][57][58]109,110]. Rochell et al evaluated the effects of dietary soybean meal (SBM) on the growth performance and immune response of pigs infected with PRRSV [57].…”