The effect of starting material types on the structure of graphene oxide and graphene

Boran, Filiz; Gürer, Sevil Çetinkaya

doi:10.3906/kim-1901-47

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In the FTIR analysis of the N-Gr samples obtained using the hydrothermal method, it was observed that the spectra obtained (Figure 4) were consistent with the literature; -OH and N-H stretching vibrations were observed in the wavelength range of 3000 -3700 cm -1 [25][26][27], symmetrical and asymmetrical CH 2 vibrations were observed at 2908 and 2835 cm -1 wavelengths [22,28], C=N vibrations were observed at 1502 cm -1 wavelength [29][30][31], and aromatic C-N stretching vibrations were determined at 1215 cm -1 wavelength [32,33]. The peak at 1705 cm -1 wavelength indicates the deoxidation of GO, while the peaks at 1502 and 1215 cm -1 wavelengths indicate the presence of nitrogen [31][32][33].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Effect of temperature and time on hydrothermally synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene

ALBAYRAK,

BOZOKLUOĞLU,

ACAR

2023

European Mechanical Science

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Graphene attracts attention due to its high surface area and its great electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Studies about graphene have been conducted to develop synthesis methods and to determine the effects of synthesis parameters on productivity and properties. In recent years, studies have focused on doping graphene with foreign atoms to improve its properties. Nitrogen (N) is of interest among doping materials because it increases graphene’s electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical performance. In this study, the production of nitrogen-doped graphene was studied, and a 2-stage synthesis procedure was used. In the first stage, graphene oxide was obtained from graphite by using the Modified Hummers method. To obtain N-doped graphene (N-graphene) from synthesized graphene oxide, N doping and hydrothermal method were used in the second stage. To determine the effect of temperature and time on the hydrothermal production of N-graphene from graphene oxide, 3 different temperatures and 3 different times were studied. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses, and the Debye-Scherrer equation indicated that nitrogen-doped graphene was obtained. The effects of temperature and time on synthesizing N-graphene were discussed within the scope of the parameters used in the hydrothermal method.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Effect of temperature and time on hydrothermally synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene

ALBAYRAK,

BOZOKLUOĞLU,

ACAR

2023

European Mechanical Science

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“…From the TEM image of xGnP, which is given in Figure 7a, partially wrinkled and transparent graphene sheets could be clearly seen. This wrinkled sheet like morphology, seen in the literature for graphene, has been interpreted as a reduction in the angular tension between carbon bonds due to changes between sp 2 and sp 3 hybridized carbon atoms and the atomic arrangement becoming more stable by taking on a wrinkled aspect [55,56]. The SEM image for the (PPy/xGnP5)bm is given in Figure 7b.…”

Section: Surface Morphology Analysismentioning

confidence: 64%

The Effect of Grinding on Optical Band Gap and Urbach Energy of Polypyrrole/Graphene Composites

OKUTAN

2023

Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology a - Applied Sciences and Engineering

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The goal of this study is to better understand the effect of grinding on the Eg of polypyrrole (PPy)/commercial graphene nanoplatelets (xGnP) composites with varying amounts of xGnP. The Eg for direct transition as a function of the xGnP amount was calculated from the Tauc plot. While the average particle size of the composites decreased between 6% and 30%, there was a slight decrement in the Egs. These values changed between 4.02 to 3.87 eV with the increasing amount of xGnP before grinding, and they reached between 3.97 to 3.88 eV after grinding. Moreover, it was determined that the EU was inversely proportional to Eg. These findings suggest that the PPy/xGnP composites could be suitable for several applications, such as photocatalytic and optoelectronic.

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“…This method has a higher degree of oxidation and a better-quality structure with fewer defects for GO compared to previous methods. Various modifications have been made to Hummers method in the literature for optimization and adjusting controllable structure for GO production [14,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Water on the Oxidation Process of Graphene Oxide Structures

Kanbur,

Birlik,

Sargın

et al. 2024

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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Graphene oxide (GO) has recently attracted attention with its unique chemical and physical properties and serves as a raw material for graphene-based materials. GO has been produced for decades by the Hummers Method with the oxidation process of graphite. The properties and structure of GO are significantly affected by the production parameters of Hummers Method. In this study, the effect of the water content on the oxidation level of GO structure was investigated. GO was produced with different amounts of water in the oxidation stage of Hummers Method. The structural characterizations of produced GO were carried out by X-ray Diffraction Technique (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and Raman Spectroscopy. Additionally, morphological and thermal characterization of the produced GO samples were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)/Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), respectively. According to XRD, FTIR, XPS, and EDS results, it was determined that the oxidation degree of GO decreased with increasing amount of water. Besides, it was revealed that the post-oxidation step generated more defects in the basal plane of graphene according to the results of the Raman Analysis. Also, it was observed that GO had a smoother surface and was found to have higher thermal stability with increasing amounts of water. The results show that the post-oxidation step reduces the oxidation degree of GO, increases the amount of the defect, provides a less wrinkled structure, and improves the thermal stability of GO.

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The effect of starting material types on the structure of graphene oxide and graphene

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of temperature and time on hydrothermally synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene

Effect of temperature and time on hydrothermally synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene

The Effect of Grinding on Optical Band Gap and Urbach Energy of Polypyrrole/Graphene Composites

The Role of Water on the Oxidation Process of Graphene Oxide Structures

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